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Appraising the ‘Borno Model’ in combating insurgency

Appraising the ‘Borno Model’ in combating insurgency

By Yakubu Uba, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

The ‘Borno Model’, introduced in 2021 by Gov. Babagana Zulum’s administration, is a non-kinetic approach that offers insurgents willing to renounce violence the opportunity to surrender to the military.

The model primarily relies on dialogue to persuade Boko Haram and ISWAP fighters to lay down their arms at designated reception centres and embrace peace.

“This is a community-driven initiative geared towards a win-win situation; both parties stand to gain from the model,” said Retired Brig.-Gen Abdullahi Ishaq, Special Adviser on Security to Gov. Zulum, during a presentation on the initiative.

On July 5, 2021, the first group of nine insurgents, accompanied by their 11 wives and 12 children, surrendered and were brought to Maiduguri.

This marked the beginning of a mass surrender, with over 100,000 individuals laying down their arms within a few months.

In an interview earlier this year, the Chief of Army Staff, Gen. Christopher Musa, stated that over 250,000 people had surrendered as a result of the non-kinetic approach.

Last week, Gov. Zulum briefed a Sahel security think tank, the Alliance of Sahel Institute for Security Studies, alongside members of the Norwegian Institute for Conflict Resolution.

He revealed that the number of surrendered individuals had exceeded 300,000.

However, it is important for the public to recognise that not all those who surrendered were combatants.

They include a mix of fighters, non-combatants, and their families.

Among them are farmers, women, and children who had been held captive by the insurgents, including some of the Chibok girls, who are classified as rescued victims.

The Borno Commissioner for Information and Internal Security, Prof. Usman Tar, noted that the model aligns with the UN framework for handling individuals exiting terrorist organisations.

He explained that it follows a structured process known as Disarmament, Demobilisation, De-radicalisation, Rehabilitation, Reconciliation, and Reintegration (DDDRRR).

The Borno Model draws inspiration from the United Nations-backed initiatives in Sierra Leone and Liberia, which were introduced to curb widespread violence in those countries.

Similarly, the Borno Model has gained international recognition, leading to the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for UN support in managing the mass surrender.

“It has gained international recognition as one of the most effective non-kinetic actions in recent times.

“Gov. Zulum was at the UN House in Abuja to sign a joint memorandum of understanding for UN support in managing the mass defection,” Ishaq stated.

The model was adopted following a stakeholders’ meeting in Maiduguri, which included security agencies, civil society organisations, international bodies, and traditional and religious leaders.

This decision came after the military had technically defeated the insurgents.

Zulum stressed that after a decade of conflict and massive destruction, Borno’s people saw no reason to continue the war when peace was possible through dialogue.

“We need to review the pros, cons, and implications of the surrender in order to agree on a framework that is well thought out, we are in a very difficult position regarding the ongoing surrender.

“We have to choose between an endless war or cautiously accepting the surrendered terrorists.

“This is truly painful and difficult for anyone who has lost loved ones,” Zulum remarked during the historic meeting that endorsed the non-kinetic approach.

The opportunity for mass surrender arose following the death of the notorious sect leader, Abubakar Shekau.

Moreover, most extremists who founded the sect with Mohammed Yusuf and Shekau were killed by the military or died in the Boko Haram-ISWAP leadership struggle that led to Shekau’s demise.

“The death of Shekau created a significant vacuum in the command structure, which could not be filled immediately. The architects of the Borno Model capitalised on this opportunity.

“According to Ya Baana Musaid, one of the spiritual leaders of the late Mohammed Yusuf, fewer than 10 of the 300 individuals who initially started the movement with Yusuf are still alive.

“Therefore, it was easier for those implementing the Borno Model to engage in dialogue and persuade many of the forcibly conscripted members to surrender,” Ishaq explained.

Under the DDDRRR framework, the military oversees the Disarmament and Demobilisation process by collecting weapons from surrendered fighters and gathering intelligence on planted explosives.

Meanwhile, the De-radicalisation process, aimed at eliminating extremist ideologies and violent tendencies, is conducted by clerics and other experts.

Hajiya Hamsatu Allamin, Head of the community-based NGO Allamin Foundation for Peace and Development, runs a private de-radicalisation project focusing on female members of the sect.

She explained that Islamic clerics involved in de-radicalisation counter extremist narratives through superior religious arguments.

As she pointed out, Boko Haram is an ideological group that has been misled by a distorted interpretation of the Holy Quran.

Therefore, well-versed clerics are essential in correcting these misconceptions by teaching the true principles of Islam as a religion of peace.

Allamin also highlighted that many women who voluntarily joined the sect but have since been de-radicalised through her foundation are now playing a crucial role in persuading others to surrender.

“Some of these women are responsible for calling their female friends, husbands, and children in the bush to convince them to surrender,” she said.

Fatima Musa, a former Boko Haram member who has undergone de-radicalisation, shared her experience at a community dialogue meeting organised by the foundation.

She admitted that, as young people with limited religious knowledge, they had been misled.

“We were deceived in our youth through a misinterpretation of religion, only to later realise that we had gone down the wrong path.

“I regret tearing up my NCE certificate when I foolishly embraced the distorted belief that Western education was Haram (forbidden),” Fatima said.

The Rehabilitation, Reconciliation, and Reintegration components of the model are implemented for those who have been successfully de-radicalised.

They are trained in various skills of their choice, such as carpentry, bricklaying, welding, mechanics, soap making, and tailoring, to enable them to become self-sufficient and cater for their daily needs.

In addition, strategic communication plays a crucial role in the reintegration process by fostering reconciliation between former insurgents and their communities.

This is achieved through public confessions and appeals for forgiveness, in line with transitional justice principles.

“The Borno Ministry of Information and Internal Security engages in town hall meetings where communities freely discuss areas of concern regarding the mass surrender.

“This feedback mechanism has helped to strengthen the implementation of the Borno Model.

“The ultimate aim of the Borno Model is to reintegrate or bring together the ex-combatants and their communities so that they can live together peacefully again,” Ishaq said.

According to him, the reintegration process has been successful because it is community-driven.

“There’s no case of rejection of any person from communities because the process is community-driven.

“Community representatives participate in screening and recommending those to be reintegrated back to their communities.

“The military and DSS are always on hand to ensure that those reintegrated are not on the list of individuals declared wanted by the authorities,” Ishaq said.

The Borno Commissioner for Women’s Affairs and Social Development, Hajiya Zuwaira Gambo, whose ministry plays a key role in the rehabilitation and reintegration process, emphasised that the majority of those reintegrated are not combatants.

“We do not release ex-combatants, and we have records of the whereabouts of every person released,” Gambo stated.

She further explained that, before anyone is reintegrated into their community, they must undergo an intensive three-week training programme on human rights, conducted by security and religious leaders.

Additionally, their community must be consulted and must approve their return.

So far, many proponents, including the Chief of Defence Staff, say non-kinetic approaches provide 70 per cent of lasting conflict solutions.

Musa reaffirmed the military’s commitment, stressing that mass surrender is a key chance to end the insurgency if well managed.

“I want us all to come together and treat this as a new beginning for Borno, the North-East, and Nigeria as a whole. If we succeed here, we all know that the North-Central, North-West, and other parts of the country will equally know peace,” Musa said.

He stressed the need for both kinetic and non-kinetic approaches to work in tandem to bring an end to the conflict.

For many in Borno, the approach has greatly reduced terror attacks and boosted farming, rehabilitation, and resettlement efforts.

However, they urge the government to strengthen both kinetic and non-kinetic strategies to tackle insurgents in Sambisa Forest, the Mandara Mountains, and Lake Chad.

According to them, these areas continue to pose a serious threat to lasting peace.

They believe that the intelligence from surrendered insurgents provides security agencies with enough information to weaken the insurgency if properly utilised.

They also urged stakeholders, especially the military, to act on President Bola Tinubu’s directive, as announced by Defence Minister Mohammed Badaru, to contain major security challenges by December. (NANFeatures)

***If used, please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

IWD: Evaluating women’s role in aviation sector

IWD: Evaluating women’s role in aviation sector

By Gabriel Agbeja, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Since 1911, the International Women’s Day (IWD), commemorated yearly on March 8, has been about gender equality.

It celebrates women’s achievements, raising awareness about discrimination and taking action for an inclusive society.

In Nigeria, women have distinguished themselves in the aviation sector and were accordingly celebrated by the Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria (FAAN),

At the FAAN IWD celebration in Lagos, Mrs Olubunmi Kuku, the Managing Director, FAAN, canvassed for an all-encompassing society.

“What can we do right here, right now? Let us build strong civil society networks and connect with organisations advocating gender equality.

“Let us also share resources, knowledge and opportunities and get involved in supporting women’s empowerment legislations.

“Your voice matters, use it; arm yourself with information; focus on developing marketable skills, not just for yourself but also help others do the same; every small action counts.

“Every conversation you have about equality matters; every time you speak up against discrimination, you are part of the solution; these are the ways we can #AccelerateAction.”

According to Kuku, who is the first female FAAN Managing Director, women can achieve significant progress in a decade or less if they start working together and committing to being part of the change.

She explained that celebrating differences instead of using them as dividing lines would create a richer tapestry of human experience.

“This is not just about fairness; it is about smart decision-making.

“It is about creating a world where talent rises regardless of gender; where innovation flows from all voices, and our differences make us stronger, not weaker.

“When we remove the invisible barriers of bias and stereotypes, we unlock the full potential of half of our population.

“It is like finally using both wings of an airplane instead of trying to fly with just one. The beauty of this vision lies in its simplicity: equal opportunities, equal voices, equal respect,” she said.

On his part, Mr Vikram Singh, the Technical Records Specialist at TGIS Aviation Limited, UK, described IWD as a reminder of how far women have come in aviation.

Singh said work still lies ahead in terms of inclusion in the aviation industry.

According to him, leaders such Mrs Trish Gray, the Chief Executive Officer of the TGIS, and Mrs Charlie Whyman, the Managing Director of TGIS, are breaking barriers that prove that diversity strengthens the industry.

“With Trish as chief executive officer and Charlie as managing director, TGIS is a fantastic example of how female leadership drives innovation and success.

“Their guidance creates a workplace built on inclusivity and fresh ideas, which is a significant asset in the aviation industry,” he said.

Ms Ashante Antonio, a marketing officer in the company, shared her experience about how amazing it is working for a female-led company in a male-dominated industry.

Antonio said she felt always supported and empowered to excel by the guidance and mentorship received at the women-led organisation to break into aviation and develop in her career.

“Although this is my first full-time role, so I do not have experience with other types of leadership, I’ve seen how Trish’s and Charlie’s leadership creates a personal and supportive work environment.

“We hold regular weekly meetings, monthly one-on-ones, and encourage annual team-building activities that bring everyone together. These initiatives foster collaboration and engagement, setting a strong foundation for success.

“It is still a male-dominated field, but it is inspiring to see the women who are rising through the ranks.

“The support and network available for women in this industry are growing, and I will encourage more women to explore aviation as a career,” she said.

More so, Mrs Funke Arowojobe, the Director of Public Affairs and Consumer Protection, Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), appealed for gender equality.

Arowojobe, who recently received an ‘Excellence in Leadership Award’ from Women in Aviation, Nigeria Chapter, said the dedication of women in aviation to promoting gender equality was inspiring.

“I have to admit that this recognition is a tribute to the collective incredible women who have paved the way for people like me in the aviation industry.

She praised her colleagues and the management of NiMet for the constant and unconditional support for women like her.

The director also highlighted the importance of mentoring, especially when it comes to young women who want to pursue careers in the aviation sector.

“I am reminded of the immense talent, passion, and resilience that exist among women in aviation. I feel herein lies the essence of this year’s theme ‘Connect, Engage and Inspire’,” she said.

Worthy of note, Hannatu Musawa, the Minister of Art, Culture, Tourism and Creative Economy, joined the global community to celebrate IWD.

Musawa extolled the strength, resilience and creativity of Nigerian women while acknowledging the vital role they played in shaping society.

Her message to mark IWD was apt.

“As we join the global community to celebrate IWD, the Federal Ministry of Art, Culture, Tourism and Creative Economy extends warmest greetings to all Nigerian women,’’ she said.

Recall that the Women in Aviation International, Nigeria Chapter (WIA-N), a non-profit organisation, recently pledged to advance safety and security in the aviation industry.

WIA-N President, Nigeria Chapter, Mrs Rejoice Ndudinachi, made the pledge at the 2024 WIA Annual Conference in Abuja.

Ndudinachi assured that Women in Aviation would continue to support and do all required towards ensuring safety and security in the aviation industry.

“In every segment of Nigeria’s aviation industry, women are present and have been making a very significant impact, starting from engineering, management, aero- medical, media, regulation, training, meteorology and security to piloting.

“Ever since WIA was established, the level of commitment and dedication to duties by women in aviation has increased and this has contributed significantly to the numerous achievements that the industry has recorded.”

The president said the members would keep gaining knowledge by attending international WIA conferences on constant basis, urging them to support and cooperate.

“Today, we gather once again as a community of pioneers, advocates, and change makers in aviation,’’ she said.

Stakeholders say that IWD has become a highly significant day worldwide, with increased mainstreaming of awareness.

The say, however, that issues affecting women such as poverty, lack of access to education, sexual harassment, cultural inhibitions, early marriage, maternal health, among others should be tackled frontally not just on paper. (NANFeatures)

***If used, please credit the writer and News Agency of Nigeria.

Boosting post-flood farming through ‘Residual Moisture Crop Production’ in Kebbi

Boosting post-flood farming through ‘Residual Moisture Crop Production’ in Kebbi

By Muhammad Lawal, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Flooding is a natural disaster that happens when water spills over into usually dry land, often resulting in extensive damage.

It can be caused by heavy downpours or human factors such as deforestation and inadequate urban planning.

Nigeria has faced severe river and coastal flooding, leading to substantial destruction.

In 2012, excessive rainfall caused the Niger and Benue Rivers to overflow, impacting communities across 30 states.

Over 2.3 million people were displaced, more than 360 lives were lost, and economic losses reached ₦2.6 trillion ($7.4 billion).

A decade later, in 2022, another major flood affected 33 states, displacing 1.4 million people and killing over 600.

Kogi, Anambra, and Bayelsa were among the worst affected due to intense rainfall and the release of water from Ladgo Dam in Cameroon.

Evidently, the consequences of flooding are severe, ranging from loss of life and destruction of property to economic hardship and displacement of entire communities.

Albeit the inevitability of floods, analysts believe that proactive measures can help mitigate their impact.

According to them, floodplain management, control structures, early warnings, and watershed management are crucial for reducing risks and improving preparedness.

They argued that to safeguard communities, Nigeria must prioritise urban drainage improvements, river dredging, and enhanced flood mitigation policies.

Kebbi was among the hardest-hit areas during the 2024 rainy season, with devastating floods leaving many farmers impoverished and homeless.

Media reports indicate that severe flooding in the state in 2024 affected 16 of its 21 Local Government Areas (LGAs), with Argungu, Birnin Kebbi, Ngaski, Jega, and others worst hit.

The disaster destroyed about 329,000 homes and submerged 858,000 hectares of farmland used for rice, millet, sorghum, and beans.

Tragically, 29 people died, with fatalities recorded in Ngaski, Maiyama, Kalgo, Jega, and Birnin Kebbi.

To support farmers and mitigate crop losses, Gov. Nasir Idris introduced the ‘Residual Moisture for Cultivation of Crops’ strategy.

This method uses moisture left by the floods to irrigate fast-growing crops, helping farmers recover and turn adversity into opportunity.

The initiative provided farmers with improved seeds for potatoes, cassava, and maize, as well as fertilisers and chemicals; all free of charge.

The goal was to help them recover their losses and resume normal agricultural activities.

Under the scheme, no fewer than 16,000 farmers benefitted from government support to rebuild their livelihoods.

During an inspection tour of the affected communities, Alhaji Shehu Ma’azu, Commissioner for Agriculture and Natural Resources in Kebbi, provided insights into the programme’s objectives.

He revealed that the pilot scheme was implemented in Raha (Bunza LGA), Bahindin Bagugo (Bagudo LGA), and Mayalo (Maiyama LGA), where farmers received essential agricultural inputs.

“When the devastating floods struck, the state government, through this ministry, promptly supplied improved seeds, fertilisers, and chemicals to support affected farmers.

“We are happy that the selected farmers used the seeds, fertilisers, and other inputs supplied to them very well. Today, we are here to inspect what you have done and report back to the governor what we saw.

“Glory be to God Almighty, these people have recovered, and the seeds supplied to them were fantastic as they yielded the desired results,” Ma’azu stated.

Similarly, Alhaji Yakubu Ahmed-BK, Commissioner for Information and Culture, underscored the importance of food security, urging farmers to remain steadfast in their work.

“Everybody’s concern today is about what to eat, indicating that food is critical to human existence.

“Farm is wealth,” he remarked, encouraging farmers to stay committed to agriculture.

He also called on communities to pray for the success of Gov. Idris’ administration, which has prioritised youth and farmer empowerment.

The initiative has been widely praised by the beneficiaries, with many confirming its positive impact on their lives.

Speaking on behalf of the affected farmers, Alhaji Abubakar Walin-Raha, who represented the District Head of Raha, commended the governor for his foresight and proactive approach.

“We are very happy that these seeds are extremely good. We used them and saw how effective they are.

“We want to plead with the state government to assist us with pumping machines so that we can embark on irrigation of these three crops,” he appealed.

Similarly, Malam Bala Dan-Malam, a peasant farmer in Raha, expressed deep appreciation for the government’s intervention.

He noted that the initiative had boosted their morale and improved their farming methods.

He also urged the state government to consider expanding the scheme into an all-year-round farming system to ensure continuous agricultural productivity.

Other farmers shared their experiences and hopes for the future.

Alhaji Bawa Sani, Sarkin Noman Raha, emphasised the need for continued government support.

“We are very grateful to the Kauran Gwandu administration. This scheme has actually turned our pains into wealth because all those who participated are now very happy due to high yields.

“As farmers, we would be delighted if this scheme is extended to others affected by floods across the state. I believe this will go a long way in cushioning the effects of the disaster”.

Likewise, Alhaji Tukur Umar, District Head of Bahindin Bagugo, confirmed that after planting the seeds, he also received three truckloads of fertiliser, which he distributed among 40 village heads in his district.

A veteran farmer, Malam Abubakar Mai-Kifi, who has been in agriculture for over 40 years, described the government-provided maize seeds as the best he had ever used.

Another beneficiary, Malam Musa Mai-Dala’ilu, revealed how the initiative had encouraged more people, including those who had never farmed before, to embrace agriculture.

Also, Alhaji Muhammad Sani, Marafan Mayalo, expressed gratitude to Gov. Idris for his commitment to restoring livelihoods.

“We are happy that after the flood, life is returning to normal.

“We appreciate the governor for this gesture and also for reconstructing the collapsed bridge during the rainy season,” he concluded.

Stakeholders say With the Residual Moisture Crop Production initiative, Kebbi is setting a precedent in flood recovery efforts, turning adversity into opportunity.

This programme, they said ensures that affected communities can rebuild stronger and develop more resilient agricultural systems.  (NANFeatures)

How UNICEF, partners transformed Almajiri, Girls’ lives in Sokoto

How UNICEF, partners transformed Almajiri, Girls’ lives in Sokoto

By Funmilayo Adeyemi, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Two years ago, Abubakar Mustapha’s life was filled with uncertainty.

Like many young people in Shuni, a community in Dange-Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State, he struggled to find a stable source of income.

However, his fortunes changed when he participated in an empowerment training programme run by UNICEF, with support from the Eleva Foundation.

This initiative marked the beginning of an unforgettable transformation in his life.

At first, Mustapha was unsure of what to expect.

The programme introduced him to the art of shoemaking, a craft he had never considered.

Yet, with patience and dedication, he mastered the skill, turning pieces of leather into finely crafted footwear.

What began as a simple learning opportunity soon became a pathway to financial independence.

But Mustapha’s journey was not just about personal success.

Understanding the power of knowledge, he has since trained four other individuals, passing on the skills that changed his life.

For him, shoemaking is more than just a trade, but a symbol of resilience.

With every pair of shoes he creates, he not only shapes leather but also forges a better future for himself and those he mentors.

“I was an Almajiri, moving from house to house. But that is no longer my reality. I now earn money from the skill I learned, and I have trained other boys”.

His craftsmanship has gained recognition, allowing him to earn ₦11,000 or more per week, enough to sustain his needs and improve his overall well-being.

Similarly, Faiza Bello grew up in a community where opportunities for girls were scarce. She often wondered what the future held for her.

Her life took a new turn when she discovered a child-friendly space centre, established by UNICEF in three Local Government Areas of Sokoto State, with support from the Eleva Foundation.

At the centre, Bello found more than just a place to learn.

She embraced literacy and vocational training programmes, equipping herself with essential skills for a brighter future.

Through mentorship and hands-on training, she gained practical knowledge that enabled her to earn a living.

“The centre has done a lot for adolescent girls in this community. Since UNICEF and the Eleva Foundation came, we have been able to escape challenges like early marriage and poverty.

“We can now stand on our own, run businesses, and even support others. Many girls have come to the centre to receive help,” she said.

Beyond vocational skills, Bello also received training on proper nutrition and healthy eating, ensuring she could take better care of herself and her loved ones.

Also, she was educated on comprehensive sex education and gender-based violence awareness, empowering her to make informed decisions and stand up for her rights.

Likewise, UNICEF’s intervention rescued a 15-year-old girl (name withheld) from an early marriage.

Albeit her young age, her family had arranged the marriage due to financial hardship.

However, swift action by UNICEF and relevant child protection agencies prevented the marriage and ensured she was placed in a safe environment.

As part of the support, she is now enrolled in a child-friendly space centre for vocational training, giving her the opportunity to acquire skills for a better future.

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These experiences reflect the impact of UNICEF’s efforts to support Almajiri children and out-of-school adolescent girls in northwest Nigeria.

The Almajiri system, which traditionally involves young boys leaving home to receive Islamic education, often leaves them without access to formal schooling, proper care, or financial security.

Currently, around 10 million children in northern Nigeria are part of the Almajiri system, many of whom lack basic welfare (UNICEF).

A 2024 study found that for every six boys who enter the system, three die, two go missing, and only one survives.

The mortality rate stands at 308 deaths per 1,000 births, significantly higher than the national average of 132 per 1,000 (International Journal Corner).

In Kano city, nearly 1,400 Qur’anic schools accommodate 150,000 Almajiri boys, often in poor sanitary conditions, leading to high rates of open defecation (Sanitation Learning Hub).

Similarly, adolescent girls face numerous barriers to education due to socio-cultural and economic factors.

Recognising these challenges, UNICEF has been working to bridge the gap by equipping children with both academic and vocational skills.

Additionally, the organisation is improving data collection for better planning and resource allocation.

Speaking at a recent media dialogue in Sokoto State, UNICEF Child Protection Specialist Pius Uwamanua emphasised the role of education and skills training in addressing these issues.

He explained that child-friendly space centres serve as comprehensive facilities, offering mentorship, life skills training, and vocational programmes.

According to Uwamanua, these projects are currently being implemented in five North-West states: Kano, Kaduna, Jigawa, Sokoto, and Katsina.

“Despite increased primary school enrolment in Sokoto State, 113,208 Almajiri children, mostly boys, are still living outside of family care, while 136,315 adolescent girls remain out of school”.

The centres provide multi-sectoral training in vocational, digital, and financial literacy skills, empowering Almajiri children and out-of-school adolescent girls to become self-reliant.

The vocational programmes include knitting, cosmetology, tailoring, and shoemaking.

The centres also offer mentorship for children at risk of early marriage and gender-based violence.

“The initiative has created a safe space where children can build trust and receive the necessary support, including legal services and psychosocial assistance,” Uwamanua said.

UNICEF Chief of Field Office in Sokoto, Mr Michael Juma, reaffirmed the organisation’s commitment to working with the Sokoto State Government and other partners to expand education access and support marginalised children.

Juma noted that household data collection on Almajiri children and out-of-school adolescent girls has been instrumental in shaping education programmes.

He however acknowledged that identifying affected households remains a challenge.

“To inform education programme design, we are currently using a mapping technique to identify all out-of-school children. This approach has yielded notable successes, particularly in vocational skills training,” he explained.

He further called for sustained investment in education to reduce the number of out-of-school children and provide them with better opportunities.

Similarly, Mallam Yusuf Ibrahim, Director of Child Development and Protection at the Sokoto State Ministry of Women and Children Affairs, urged the state government to commit to sustaining the skills empowerment centres.

He emphasised the need for revolving funding to ensure long-term sustainability.

“The digital village for Almajiri and out-of-school adolescent girls is a model that the state government can adopt.

“Our ministry is ready to provide leadership, technical expertise, and monitoring to ensure the centres remain effective”.

Addressing the shortage of female teachers, which affects both education access and healthcare delivery, Ibrahim also advocated for the recruitment of more female teachers.

The District Head of Gagi, Alhaji Muhammad Jabbi, urged the government to support initiatives that improve the lives of Almajiri children and out-of-school youths.

He expressed gratitude to UNICEF and the Eleva Foundation for their efforts, noting that their programmes have been instrumental in bridging the education gap for marginalised children.

While acknowledging the impact of these initiatives, he stressed the need for government intervention to ensure their continuity and sustainability.

Analysts say with early marriage and out-of-school adolescents still a prevalent issue, UNICEF’s intervention serves as a beacon of hope.

They opined that with strong government backing, these projects can have a lasting impact, reducing illiteracy and equipping vulnerable children with the skills needed for a better future. (NANFeatures)

Tax Reform Bills: The debate over impact on Nigeria’s Customs operations

Tax Reform Bills: The debate over impact on Nigeria’s Customs operations

By Martha Agas

The recently concluded public hearing on the proposed tax reform bills has sparked debates among stakeholders.

These include associations, agencies, experts, and government officials, all discussing the bills’ potential to create a more efficient tax system.

On Oct. 3, 2024, President Bola Tinubu submitted four tax reform bills to the National Assembly. These bills aim to overhaul Nigeria’s tax administration and revenue generation framework.

The proposed bills are the Nigeria Tax Bill 2024, the Nigeria Tax Administration Bill, the Nigeria Revenue Service Establishment Bill, and the Joint Revenue Board Establishment Bill.

During the public hearing, some stakeholders argued that these reforms would align Nigeria’s tax system with global best practices.

They believe the changes would enhance transparency, accountability, and fiscal stability.

Analysts suggest that restructuring Nigeria’s tax framework could eliminate inconsistencies, reinforce macroeconomic resilience, and stimulate economic growth.

However, in spite of these expected benefits, concerns remain over certain provisions that could hinder the smooth implementation of the reforms.

Critics warn that without necessary amendments, the bills could increase Nigerians’ financial burden, discourage investment, and render some government agencies redundant.

One major agency at risk is the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS). Some stakeholders fear the tax reform bills could negatively impact its operations and overall relevance.

As a key revenue-generating agency, the NCS plays a crucial role in trade regulation enforcement. The proposed tax reforms could directly affect its administrative procedures and legal mandate.

Experts stress that integrating customs administration with broader tax policy requires careful assessment. They highlight potential impacts on customs procedures, trade agreements, and border management.

Stakeholders argue that certain provisions in the bills conflict with the NCS Act 2023, which could lead to policy inconsistencies within the agency.

They caution that these conflicts might create enforcement challenges, operational inefficiencies, and accountability issues for the NCS if the reforms proceed unchanged.

The Association of Nigerian Licensed Customs Agents (ANLCA) noted that implementing the NCS Act 2023 only began in 2024, after more than eight years of legislative processes.

Repealing the Act, they argue, could significantly disrupt customs operations and undermine years of effort to stabilise the agency’s activities.

ANLCA’s National President, Mr Emenike Nwokeji, emphasised that the Act was designed to address longstanding policy inconsistencies, particularly in import duty collection and levies.

“In 2023, the long-awaited Nigeria Customs Act was signed into law by President Bola Tinubu, and its implementation only began in 2024.

“This is an act of parliament, yet less than 15 per cent has been implemented. Now, another tax bill is being introduced, centralising all revenue under one authority,” he stated.

He warned that without necessary modifications, the tax reform bills could create significant legal and operational conflicts with the existing customs framework.

Nwokeji urged the Federal Government to prioritise strengthening the NCS while ensuring effective coordination with other revenue agencies.

He stressed that the customs service requires specialised expertise, warning that the proposed reforms could jeopardise its critical functions.

Highlighting the financial implications, he noted that repealing the Customs Act would require significant resources to train new personnel for specialised roles.

He cautioned that it could take years to develop the expertise that customs officers have acquired through extensive experience.

In spite of his concerns, he expressed confidence that Nigeria’s government would act responsibly and preserve the NCS’s technical operations.

Customs and tax expert, Mr Okey Ibeke, reinforced this stance, stating that NCS duties extend beyond revenue collection to highly technical operations requiring expert knowledge.

He argued that the proposed tax reforms could disrupt essential customs functions if passed without appropriate amendments.

Ibeke raised concerns about the designated revenue agencies’ capacity to manage customs operations. He questioned their expertise in assessing imports and detecting misclassifications.

He warned that these agencies might struggle to identify undervalued goods, increasing the risk of inaccurate importer declarations and revenue losses.

“Customs involves classifying cargo, applying tariff regulations, and conducting valuations.

“Without trained personnel, determining duty rates and ensuring compliance will become significantly more challenging,” he explained.

He noted that NCS operations rely on Rules of Origin (RoO) to verify product sources, calculate import values, and detect fraudulent trade practices.

These complex tasks, he said, could be beyond the capacity of general tax administration systems, further jeopardising revenue collection.

Ibeke highlighted the NCS’s recent progress in modernising its operations through the Trade Modernisation Project. He warned that repealing the Act could reverse these gains.

Instead, he advocated for a balanced approach that strengthens Nigeria’s tax system without disrupting critical revenue agencies.

Similarly, the Customs Consultative Committee (CCC) voiced concerns over legislative inconsistencies, operational inefficiencies, and potential economic and security risks.

The committee’s secretary, Dr Eugene Nweke, recommended maintaining the NCS’s autonomy while reforming the Customs Modernisation Project and leveraging public-private partnerships.

Meanwhile, the Comptroller-General of Customs, Adewale Adeniyi, acknowledged that reviewing Nigeria’s tax laws was both timely and necessary.

He stated that existing tax laws no longer adequately address modern fiscal challenges, economic shifts, and technological advancements.

Adeniyi expressed confidence that the reforms would support Nigeria’s economic growth while aligning its tax system with international standards.

However, he stressed on the need for the final legislation to align with the NCS Act to preserve the agency’s core functions and efficiency. (NANFeatures)

30 years after Beijing: Are women there yet?

30 years after Beijing: Are women there yet?

By Justina Auta, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (BDPA), adopted on Sept. 15, 1995, at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, aims to advance gender equality and empower women globally.

Key areas of focus include promoting women’s economic empowerment, eliminating violence against women, increasing female leadership, and protecting the rights of the girl child.

The declaration emphasises the need to strengthen institutions promoting gender equality, with the goal of creating a more inclusive and just society.

Countries are expected to implement and follow up on these commitments to achieve the outlined objectives.

The United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) monitors progress and provides guidance.

Signed by 189 governments, Nigeria is a signatory to the BDPA and has committed to implementing its provisions.

Through various policies, programmes, and institutional mechanisms such as the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and the Ministry of Women Affairs, Nigeria has shown a commitment to promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment.

Nigeria is also required to submit regular reports to the United Nations CSW on its progress in implementing the BDPA.

Thirty years after the adoption of the BDPA, Nigeria, along with other countries, presented its achievements, challenges, and proposed actions to accelerate implementation at the 69th CSW in New York.

Experts and relevant stakeholders have recognised Nigeria’s progress in certain areas, such as increasing access to education for girls and promoting women’s participation in politics.

However, they have also pointed out that Nigeria still faces significant challenges, including high levels of violence against women, limited access to healthcare and economic opportunities, and persistent gender-based discrimination.

Hajiya Imaan Sulaiman-Ibrahim, Minister of Women Affairs, while marking the 2025 International Women’s Day (IWD), highlighted the harsh realities faced by women and girls in Nigeria.

She also pointed to several notable policies aimed at achieving the goals of the BDPA.

According to her, the IWD celebration serves as a critical moment to propel gender equality into tangible progress and to rally for bold action to break barriers, close gaps, and empower Nigerian women and girls.

“While Nigeria has made significant progress in enacting gender-responsive laws such as the Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act (VAPP) and the Child Rights Act, full implementation remains a challenge.

“As of today, 35 states have domesticated the VAPP Act, while 34 states have adopted the Child Rights Act.

“While this is a step in the right direction, we need full compliance, effective enforcement, and accountability to ensure that the rights enshrined in these laws become a lived reality for every Nigerian woman and girl,” she said.

The minister also acknowledged that women drive Nigeria’s informal economy, owning 41 per cent of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).

“However, barriers such as limited access to finance, markets, and digital literacy hinder their ability to scale their businesses.”

To address this, she mentioned that 4.5 million women nationwide will be supported to bridge this gap, while 500,000 women will benefit from skills development under the MOWA-SARA initiative, supported by WEMA Bank.

Regarding women’s political representation and leadership, she noted that in the 10th National Assembly, only four out of 109 Senators and 17 out of 360 House of Representatives members are women, with 15 states lacking any female representation.

“This stark imbalance is not reflective of a progressive democracy. We must accelerate efforts toward political inclusion, ensuring that women have a seat at the table in governance and development,” she said.

Emphasising the need for accelerated action to create a more inclusive and equitable society, she urged all stakeholders to strengthen their commitment to tackling the challenges hindering the full potential of Nigerian women and girls.

Also, Mrs Beatrice Eyong, UNWomen Representative to Nigeria and ECOWAS, noted Nigeria’s progress, particularly in women’s political participation over the past three decades.

She commended the increasing confidence of political parties in including women on electoral lists, while also acknowledging the emerging challenges that require collective action for transformative change.

She emphasised that the consultation was vital for ensuring that Nigeria’s national report for CSW 69 reflected the realities of women and girls across the country.

Similarly, Dr Felicia Onibon, International Lead Consultant, presented Nigeria’s Draft BPfA+30, which showed progress in implementing the BPfA over the past 30 years, particularly focusing on the last five years (2020–2025).

Onibon highlighted significant strides, including the development of two laws and the strengthening of two others under the Spotlight Initiative in Nigeria.

She also noted that 99,985 girls and boys had been reached through in-school interventions, with additional outreach to 82,852 out-of-school youths.

“Furthermore, 16,725,584 voices were amplified in communities against gender-based violence (GBV) and harmful practices.”

Onibon stresses the need to identify gaps and recommends that the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs continue collaborating with international development agencies, local partners, and relevant government institutions to accelerate progress.

Other stakeholders echoed the need for stronger policies, increased funding, and enhanced advocacy to tackle issues such as gender-based violence, economic empowerment, political participation, and access to education for women and girls.

Dr Joy Shu’aibu, Sightsavers Country Director, also called for urgent action to improve women’s access to employment, particularly for those with disabilities who face multiple barriers to financial independence.

“In Nigeria, the gender gap in employment is 8.4 per cent. Lack of access to resources and workplace barriers continue to exclude millions of women, particularly those with disabilities, from economic opportunities,” she said.

She urged global leaders attending the 69th session of the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW69) to commit to disability-inclusive approaches.

She emphasised that such approaches could unlock billions in economic potential.

Additionally, she highlighted that these efforts would contribute to advancing gender equality, ensuring that the rights and opportunities for all women, including those with disabilities, are fully realised.

Similarly, the League of Women Voters of Nigeria, in collaboration with the Nigeria Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ), initiated the “Her Seat in Parliament and Governance” campaign.

The campaign aims to increase women’s participation in governance and decision-making across Nigeria.

In partnership with the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution (IPCR), the initiative seeks to create more opportunities for women to engage in leadership roles and influence policy decisions at all levels of government.

Hajiya Aisha Ibrahim, NAWOJ National President, emphasised that women in Nigeria have long been underrepresented in the legislative system.

Mrs Chizoba Ogbeche, National Vice President of NAWOJ Zone D, said the association was campaigning for more seats to influence policies that affect women and other vulnerable groups.

Miss Grace Sim-Auta, Coordinator of the Gender Unit at Hope For Village Child Foundation, emphasised the need for collaboration among key stakeholders in Nigeria.

She called for joint efforts between the Nigerian government, NGOs, and civil society organisations to tackle the challenges faced by women and girls.

Additionally, she highlighted the importance of involving the private sector in these efforts, stressing that a collective approach was essential for addressing the multifaceted issues impacting women and girls across the country.

She stressed the importance of promoting access to education, economic opportunities, and the representation of women in leadership positions.

As Nigeria celebrates International Women’s Day 2025, it is evident that while progress has been made, significant challenges remain.

To achieve true gender equality and empowerment for women and girls, Nigeria must continue working towards creating a society that values and supports the contributions of all its citizens, regardless of gender.(NANFeatures)

***If used, please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

Tackling illegal mining in Plateau

Tackling illegal mining in Plateau

By Polycarp Auta, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

While tin mining in Plateau began in 1902 under the British Administration, large-scale mining started in 1905.

The Land Proclamation Acts of 1904 and 1910 and the Mineral Act of 1903 gave British prospectors and mining companies large portions of land for tin mining.

No doubt, the mining industry led to the development of large market centres in Jos, Bukuru, Mangu, and Shendam, among others. History has it that mining activities attracted immigrants to Jos and environs.

Also, the industry had created jobs for the British and few locals and improved foreign exchange for the colonial government.

However, this industry led to serious environmental pollution, including erosion and land devastation. It also reduced the amount of arable land available for crop production.

For years, mining, particularly the illegal operations, had been a double-edged sword.

While it contributed to the economic survival for many, it also left behind a trail of destruction like child labour, and more critically, a surge in insecurity fueled by unregulated foreign miners who troop into the state.

The infiltration of criminal elements had turned the once peaceful mining communities into flashpoints for banditry, kidnapping, armed robbery, drug trafficking and proliferation of illegal arms, among other criminal acts.

The crude nature of the mining activities had claimed the lives of many residents, particularly young people who get trapped in the deep holes while in search of the mineral deposits.

Another concern is that the booming illegal mining activities particularly in Barkin Ladi, Riyom, Bassa, Mangu, Jos North and Jos South local government areas, also made under-aged children to abandon farming, which they were combining with their academics.

Mr Gyang Gerre, the community leader of Jol, in Riyom LGA, accused some parents of influencing their children’s decision to drop out of school and go into mining.

Gerre, who decried the rising number of out-of-school children in Riyom and other mining communities, said that the ugly situation was posing serious dangers to the growth and development of the society.

“Children in both primary and secondary schools no longer go to school; the number of school dropouts in Riyom is alarming.

“This is not a good omen for us. It has adverse effects on the future of the children and the society in general.

“Most children in Riyom don’t go to school or farm again; majority of them have delved into mining.

“The unfortunate aspect is that most of these kids are being encouraged by their parents because they are making quick and easy money,” he said.

Also speaking on the matter, Mr Jonathan Dangyang, from Gyel Community, Jos South, decried the growing trend of sexual immorality and drug abuse among young people at mining sites.

Dangyang particularly decried the rate of unwanted pregnancies among teenage girls, adding that miners were the ones taking advantage of the young girls and impregnating them without taking responsibility.

“Socially, mining activities have massive devastating effects on our communities.

“Young girls of school age get impregnated at mining sites by people who are not ready to take responsibility.

“There is also an unchecked trend of drug abuse among young people; they consume all kinds of illicit substances.

“Worse still is the increasing rate of adultery among married men and women at the mining sites,” he stated.

Evidently, apart from the educational and social consequences associated with mining, there are health implications and increasing deaths recorded on a daily basis at the mining sites scattered all over the state.

Rev. Fr. Stephen Akpe, the parish priest of St Joseph’s Catholic Church, Du in Jos South LGA, confirmed that many deaths were recorded in recent times at different mining sites.

“Recently, I have conducted burial rites for over 20 persons who died in mining holes just within the Du community.

“And this ugly trend happens on a daily basis at mining sites in Zawan, Shen, Gyel, Kwang, kuru, Doi, Latiya, and many other communities.

“In one of the instances, over fifteen persons were covered in a hole; and they are largely young people,” he said.

A medical expert, Dr Nyam Azi, also decried the health implications associated with the increasing mining activities in the state.

“Because people carry out these mining activities in a crude way, they don’t adhere to safety measures.

“Apart from the physical injuries, a lot of these miners later come down with pneumoconiosis, diseases of the lungs, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.

“Other diseases include occupational lung disease, pleural effusions, pleural plaques, silicosis, among others.”

Worried by the trend, Gov. Caleb Mutfwang recently issued an executive order suspending all mining activities in the state.

The decision, he said, was arrived at having consulted with traditional rulers, community and religious leaders, and security agencies, among other critical stakeholders in the state.

Though the order had been greeted by wide criticisms from within and outside the state, the governor insisted that the move was in the best interest of the state.

For instance, some of the critics cited the rate of unemployment in the state, insisting that artisanal mining had over time served as a source of income for the teeming unemployed youths in the state.

But the governor, who maintained that the move was a temporary arrangement, added that the reform in the sector would be more beneficial to the artisanal miners.

Corroborating Gerre’s position, Mutfwang, who also decried that illegal mining, had affected school enrolment, called on community and religions leaders to sensitise their subjects on the impending dangers.

“Our action is no doubt a timely intervention aimed at reversing this dangerous trend; it is for the collective good of all Plateau citizens.

“By suspending mining activities, the government is taking decisive steps to restore order, protect lives, and ensure that mining operations are conducted responsibly.

“We recently conducted research and discovered that school dropouts in communities in Bassa, Riyom, Jos North, Jos South, Mangu, and Barkin Ladi were distressingly high due to the volume of illegal mining activities.

“Schools in these areas are virtually empty because young men and women have abandoned education and opted for mining.

“The infiltration of criminal networks into mining communities has made life unbearable for many residents; a secure Plateau is a thriving Plateau, and this decision is a critical step toward achieving that goal.

“Unregulated mining has left vast lands degraded, water bodies polluted, and farmlands destroyed. Without immediate action, future generations may inherit a barren and toxic Plateau,” the governor maintained.

The governor, who allayed the fears of a negative economic impact, explained that the long-term vision was to regulate and formalise the mining sector for the benefit of all.

“As part of this reform, we are looking forward to reorganising the entire mining sector; that is why we constituted a technical committee to carry out this assignment.

“We plan to have a mining village, where everything that concerns mining activities, including processing, will take place.

“This will enable us to have designated areas where mining activities will take place; this will bring some level of sanity into our state.

“We also intend to profile all miners, and those without licenses will be encouraged to form cooperatives to do the right thing.”

Mutfwang, who called for understanding from residents of the state, advised them to support the move aimed at repositioning the mining sector and making it a more viable and secured venture.

However, only time will tell if these moves will record any success towards achieving the set objectives or not. Though there is no doubt that the success of any reform depends largely on the collective buy-in and support from the public, community leaders, security agencies, and other key stakeholders in the targeted community.(NANFeatures)

Edited by Nyisom Fiyigon Dore

***If used, please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

Celebrating female tech enthusiasts

Celebrating female tech enthusiasts

By Ijeoma Olorunfemi, News Agency of Nigeria

On March 8, annually, the International Women’s Day is celebrated to recognise women’s achievements across various fields.

The commemoration, with the theme “Accelerate Action’’, is designated by the UN to advocate for gender equality and highlight challenges faced by women.

In Nigeria, women play a vital and indispensable role in nation-building; their contributions are multi-faceted.

From technology, economic empowerment, education, healthcare, social cohesion, leadership and decision-making, peace building and conflict resolution as well as cultural preservation–women’s contributions are invaluable.

By demographics, women make up approximately 49 per cent of Nigerian population.

Constituting nearly half of the country’s population, it is imperative that women’s contributions are recognised, valued and appreciated.

In the light of the aforementioned, Huawei Technology recently identified with the 2025 International Women’s Day and honoured female tech enthusiasts.

Huawei organised an event to celebrate outstanding female students who excelled in the Huawei ICT Academy and the Women in Tech training programme.

The programme had the title “Cultivating Talent Through ICT Training for a Prosperous Nigeria.’’

It emphasised the importance of expediting progress toward achieving gender equality and promoting inclusive growth.

The ceremony paid tribute to women who have achieved outstanding success in their ICT training, affording them an opportunity to share their accomplishments and serve as role models, motivating and empowering the next generation of women in technology.

Mr Eric Chen, Huawei Nigeria Strategy Director, said the company provided capacity building and ICT training to more than 70,000 Nigerians since 2018.

Chen said that the breakdown revealed that the beneficiaries comprised more than 30,000 students, 35,000 ICT engineers, 240 female entrepreneurs and more than 3,000 civil servants, showcasing a diverse range of individuals impacted.

He emphasised Huawei’s significant role in supporting the present administration’s Three Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme, primarily through its ICT Academy.

Chen reaffirmed the company’s commitment to driving Nigeria’s digital transformation in agreement with President Bola Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda which aims at fostering economic growth and development.

The director said the company’s academy provided students with an international platform for healthy competition and exchange of ideas, with special focus on women at the time.

He said that the Women in Tech Training in partnership with the First Lady of Nigeria empowered women entrepreneurs with tech and digital skills for economic growth and development.

“We celebrate the achievements of female participants in our ICT Academy and Women in Tech initiative, in collaboration with the First Lady’s office.

“We remain committed to empowering women in ICT and leveraging their potential to boost Nigeria’s digital growth,” he said.

Mrs Comfort Kabirwa, Director of Policy, Research and Strategy, Ministry of Communication, Innovation and Digital Economy, harped on the crucial need for gender equality in technology.

She urged women to take an active role in ICT to propel Nigeria’s digital economy forward, recognising the immense potential for growth and development that women’s participation in ICT could bring.

According to her, by embracing ICT, women can leverage technology to drive innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic progress, ultimately contributing to a more prosperous and digitally inclusive Nigeria.

Kabirwa pointed out that globally, women make up a mere 26 per cent of the tech workforce, a statistic that highlights the pressing need for greater diversity and inclusion in the industry.

She said there was need for stakeholders to remove obstacles that prevented women from fully participating in the field.

Kabriwa said that by addressing the barriers, stakeholders could create a more inclusive and equitable environment that foster women’s growth and success.

“As we celebrate the achievements of these remarkable women, we must also recognise the challenges that persist.

“Women make up only 26 per cent of the global tech workforce, which means there is still a long way to go in bridging the gender gap.

“The Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy is committed to supporting programmes that expose women to digital technologies, such as the National ICT Girls Empowerment Competition Programme and our partnership with Huawei Technologies.

“As leaders, educators and advocates, we must continue to dismantle barriers that hinder women from thriving in technology.

“The future of Nigeria’s digital economy depends on the inclusivity of its workforce,” Kabirwa said.

Dr Oyin Abiola, Huawei’s Senior Public Relations Manager, underscored the company’s multi-faceted approach to empowering individuals in the field of ICT.

Abiola said that beyond providing training, Huawei also offered tangible opportunities for outstanding students to apply their skills in real-world settings through employment and internship programmes at the company.

The manager said that the company’s comprehensive effort in driving Nigeria’s digital transformation, closely aligned with the government’s Renewed Hope Agenda and the country’s rapidly expanding digital economy.

Abiola said that by celebrating women who excelled in ICT, Huawei aimed to inspire others to explore opportunities in the field and remains steadfast in its commitment to fostering an inclusive and diverse digital society.

“We have more than 30,000 students in our ICT Academy across 190 universities and have trained no fewer than 240 women in our Women in Tech programme.

“These young women here today were selected for their exceptional performance and their success stories reaffirm our commitment to nurturing ICT talent in Nigeria,” she said.

The public relations manager said that the initiative sought to position Nigeria as an export hub for talent outsourcing in Africa, thereby towing the path of India, Bangladesh, Mexico and The Philippines.

Sharing their experiences, some of the beneficiaries said the training was worthwhile.

Mrs Elizabeth Achimugu, Founder, Protect the Child Foundation, said her participation in the training empowered her with the knowledge to leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) in scaling her organisation’s impact, particularly in advocating for children’s welfare.

Achimugu encouraged women to wholeheartedly adopt technology and harness its potential to their advantage.

She said that technology was not a hindrance, but a tool designed to facilitate and augment human capabilities, particularly for women.

“With technology, you will achieve much more than you will do with manual labour,” she said.

Another beneficiary, Olubukola Taiwo, revealed that the programme enabled her to grasp the fundamentals of AI and effectively integrated it into her business operations.

She said she leveraged AI tools to create engaging visual content such as videos, banners, cards and flyers.

On her part, Imafidon Victoria, a 300-Level Cybersecurity undergraduate at Igbinedion University, credited Huawei’s ICT Academy with having a valuable impact on her academic and professional pursuits.

She said the academy’s provision of valuable certifications at no cost had been particularly instrumental in enhancing her career prospects.

Ogomudia Darlene, another 300-level Software Engineering student at the same institution, described her experience with the programme as an engaging and enriching journey.

She said that the training had significantly broadened her technical skills and knowledge.

The event also showcased Huawei’s ongoing commitment to promoting digital inclusivity, closely aligning with Nigeria’s comprehensive national strategy for technological growth and advancement.

Tech analysts say Huawei’s various initiatives, including the development of local cloud infrastructure, support for key government programmes like the 3 Million Technical Talents (3MTT) initiative, the National Talent Export Programme (NATEP), among others are commendable.

They say the initiatives are geared towards collaborating with the government to build a digitally inclined nation. (NANFeatures)

***If used, please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

Men’s health needs: A call to action

Men’s health needs: A call to action

By Abiemwense Moru, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Unarguably, men’s health often receives less attention than that of women in spite of unique issues that require awareness.

Medical experts say men face key health concerns and are predisposed to heart disease, which develops earlier due to high blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking and poor diets.

Prostate cancer, the second most common cancer in men, requires regular screenings while benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause urinary issues in older men.

Mental health is also critical, as men are more likely to die by suicide, often showing depression through irritability or risk-taking.

Unfortunately, stigma prevents many men from seeking help.

Testicular cancer, common in men aged 15-35, requires early detection, while erectile dysfunction (ED) is often linked to heart disease and diabetes.

Additionally, men are more prone to accidents and injuries, particularly in high-risk jobs or sports, making safety and prevention crucial.

John, a 55-year-old construction worker, considered himself healthy and rarely visited the doctor, dismissing minor symptoms as part of aging.

However, a routine checkup encouraged by his wife revealed an elevated PSA level, leading to further tests that confirmed prostate cancer.

“I was shocked; I had no symptoms; if my wife had not pushed me to go to the doctor, I would not have known; early detection saved my life,” he said.

John’s story highlights the importance of regular checkups and screenings, even when no symptoms are present.

Experts are calling for a targeted approach to improving men’s physical and mental well-being.

They emphasise the critical role of early detection in the successful treatment of conditions like prostate and testicular cancer.

Medical practitioners also recommend regular checkups, screenings and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, exercise and smoking cessation.

They say breaking the stigma surrounding discussions of health and mental well-being is essential as workplace health programmes; offering support and screenings can further enhance men’s health.

Organisations such as the Waka Community International Foundation and Novo Health Africa are taking proactive steps to raise awareness of men’s health issues, particularly those related to male reproductive health.

Lorenz Mba, founder of the Waka Community International Foundation, stressed the importance of addressing prostate, testicular, and breast cancers, as well as erectile dysfunction.

Mba highlighted that many men die from these conditions due to their reluctance to seek help or lack of understanding about early detection.

The foundation’s “Waka for Men’s Health” walk aims to raise awareness and encourage early detection.

According to Mba, prostate cancer, which commonly affects men over 40, is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men of colour. Testicular cancer, though rarer, is easier to detect through self-examination.

Meanwhile, Dr Dorothy Jeff-Nnamani, Managing Director of Novo Health Africa, harped on the importance of annual checkups for men, particularly starting in their 40s.

She advocates regular screening tests like the PSA test and urges the government to support fitness programmes and health awareness campaigns.

Retired Rear Admiral Chris Ezekobe highlighted the role of exercise in reducing the likelihood of many diseases, including prostate cancer.

He encouraged young men to participate in sports to maintain their health and reduce their susceptibility to various diseases.

A Consultant Psychiatrist, Prof. Taiwo Sheikh, has urged the Federal Government to pay attention to mental health by creating a sustainable mental health delivery system for the country.

Sheikh, the Coordinator of Suicide Prevention Advocacy Working Group, urged the government to ensure that citizens had access to good mental healthcare, which could only be achieved with sustainable mental health delivery system.

According to him, the governments should pay attention to the mental health of the citizens by ensuring the availability of quality mental health facilities and services.

The psychiatrist emphasised that more attention should be given to the mental health of the people to reduce the rate of social vices in the society.

“If the government can pay attention to mental health by providing sustainable and accessible mental health services, citizens will begin to enjoy optimal mental health well-being.

“Implementation of the Mental Health Act, subsidising the drugs and integration of mental health services among others are necessary in order to promote good mental health status for the country.

“These, I believe will invariably reduce the rate of social vices in the country to a great extent.’’

Sheikh, who decried the poor state of the few existing psychiatric hospitals/facilities, urged government at all levels to intensify more efforts toward the establishment of more psychiatric hospitals across the country.

“When you look at mental health programming within Nigeria, traditionally like anywhere else in the world, it has been poorly funded over the years.

“Most states in the country do not have a functional psychiatric hospital, while the few existing psychiatric hospitals are dilapidated, and we have very few specialised cadres.’’

Sheikh said that establishment of more psychiatric hospitals had become necessary due to the increasing cases of mental illness in the country as the mental health facilities available were inadequate to cater to the rising cases.

He lamented that the majority of the health care institutions in the country paid less attention to mental health cases.

According to him, mental health services are barely accessible outside the state capitals, adding that there is urgent need to establish mental healthcare facilities at the grassroots.

“There’s need for the establishment of more mental health facilities, particularly in the rural areas.

“The truth is that the government may not be able to do enough in tackling the menace of mental health because it does not have enough resources for that.

“But, while the government is doing what it can, the private sector, non-governmental organisations and individuals must come together to address the treatment gap in mental health and provide facilities for those who need treatment before they fall into the wrong hands.”

According to him, it is critical that people living with mental health conditions have continued access to treatment and care.

“A failure to take people’s mental and emotional wellbeing seriously will lead to long-term social and economic costs to the economy,” Sheikh said.

Also, the Life After Abuse Foundation (LAAF), an NGO, has called for strategies to address systemic inequities in men’s mental health.

LAAF President, Ms Halima Layeni, a global advocate for men’s mental health equity, said it could be achieved by promoting universal access to healthcare and culturally responsive mental health interventions for men.

She lamented that cultural norms often prevent men from seeking help, leading to unaddressed mental health issues and violence.

Layeni also stressed the importance of reshaping societal perceptions of fatherhood and providing men with the tools to thrive mentally and emotionally.

The LAAF president pointed out that men in Nigeria were facing a range of severe and often overlooked issues, including violence—such as domestic abuse and assault—that remained underreported due to entrenched societal stigmas.

“Men also experience alarmingly high rates of depression and suicide, exacerbated by societal expectations and a lack of targeted support.

“Economic instability further compounds these challenges, depriving many men of crucial opportunities for skill development and economic empowerment.

“In spite of these struggles, men continue to fulfill their roles as providers, breadwinners, husbands, and fathers, often shouldering these burdens silently,” she said.

Layeni emphasised the need to identify key challenges, foster collaborations and develop actionable recommendations for policymakers, organisations, and individuals.

She underscored the need for fair legal frameworks that support men’s mental health in family-related matters, calling for collective action to dismantle stigma and ensure men have access to the care they need.

Layeni also emphasised the urgent need for increased funding for accessible mental health services tailored to men’s needs.

She called on both federal and state governments to combat stigma, integrate mental health support into healthcare systems, and prioritise early intervention and community-based support.

Layeni said enhancing economic stability was crucial and involved creating targeted opportunities for skill development, entrepreneurship, and career advancement, which would improve economic prospects for men.

She said that addressing violence against men required the creation of robust mechanisms for reporting and support, ensuring that male victims of violence received necessary protection and justice.

It is stakeholders view that while men strive to live up to their responsibilities, they should adopt healthy lifestyle, take their mental health seriously and seek help when in dire straits. (NANfeatures)

***If used, please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

Strengthening Nigeria’s response to Antimicrobial Resistance

Strengthening Nigeria’s response to Antimicrobial Resistance

By Abujah Rachel, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

At the busy Karu abattoir in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), veterinarian and researcher Dr Matthew Chibuzor carefully collects samples from freshly slaughtered cattle.

His mission is urgent- tracking the silent spread of drug-resistant bacteria from animals to humans.

His findings are alarming.

“We are seeing multidrug-resistant Salmonella and E. colistrains in both the meat and the workers handling them.

“These bacteria don’t just stay here; they make their way into kitchens, hospitals, and ultimately, the bloodstream of patients who can no longer be treated with standard antibiotics,” Chibuzor said.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a growing global threat, weakening the effectiveness of treatments for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

In 2019 alone, AMR directly caused 1.27 million deaths worldwide.

Projections suggest that by 2050, this figure could rise to 10 million deaths annually if left unchecked.

Low-and middle-income countries like Nigeria, already struggling with inadequate healthcare infrastructure, limited surveillance, and high disease burdens, face the worst consequences.

For 29-year-old Mrs Mary Goma, the crisis is personal.

Her six-year-old son was diagnosed with typhoid fever, yet none of the prescribed antibiotics worked.

“We spent weeks going from one clinic to another, buying stronger and more expensive drugs, but his condition kept getting worse,” Goma recalled.

At last, doctors at Gwagwalada Teaching Hospital identified the real issue—Salmonella typhi had developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

“My son was lucky to survive,” she said, her voice trembling. “But what about those who don’t have access to the right doctors or medicine?”

Her story is just one of thousands across Nigeria, where AMR is silently pushing the country toward a public health catastrophe.

Nigeria has one of the highest burdens of infectious diseases in Africa, yet, the medicines designed to treat them are increasingly failing.

Health Experts have identified several key factors, with one of the most pressing being the widespread purchase of antibiotics over the counter without prescriptions.

Many Nigerians also stop taking them too soon, allowing bacteria to develop resistance.

A 2022 study found that nearly 17 per cent of antibiotics in Nigeria are falsified or substandard, making them ineffective.

Also, weak hygiene practices in healthcare facilities enable the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.

Farmers routinely administer antibiotics to livestock, accelerating resistance that spreads to humans through meat consumption.

The statistics are staggering.

A recent study by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) estimates that over 20,000 deaths annually in Nigeria are linked to AMR-related infections.

The NCDC says if left unaddressed, AMR could cost the country billions in healthcare expenses and lost productivity.

At a private hospital in the FCT, Dr Samuel Olutuche, an infectious disease specialist, shared a heartbreaking case.

“A newborn baby with sepsis was unresponsive to all first-line antibiotics. We had to use a last-resort drug that costs ten times more than standard treatment.

“Many families can’t afford this, and we are losing patients unnecessarily. AMR is not just a medical crisis, it’s also an economic crisis,” Olutuche stressed.

A World Bank report warns that by 2050, AMR could cause a 3.8 per cent decline in Nigeria’s GDP, pushing more families into poverty.

Some Nigerian households already spend over ₦150,000 on medications that may not even work.

Recognising the urgency of the situation, the Management Sciences for Health (MSH) has been awarded Phase 2 of The Fleming Fund’s Country Grant to Nigeria.

This phase builds on previous successes in improving AMR data quality and policy impact.

Using a ‘One Health’ approach, the project aims to strengthen laboratory systems, data management, and workforce capacity across human, animal, and environmental health sectors.

Key priorities include generating high-quality AMR data, strengthening local institutions, improving antibiotic stewardship, and sharing insights with policymakers.

The Fleming Fund, the largest global development initiative in AMR surveillance, supports up to 25 countries, including Nigeria, in tackling this growing public health threat.

Although Chibuzor is not a Fleming Fund Fellow, he acknowledges the impact of improved surveillance efforts.

“The ability to track resistance patterns is crucial. It helps us understand how bacteria are evolving and informs policies to curb the spread of AMR,” he said.

Albeit international support, Nigeria continues to struggle with weak regulation, as fake and substandard antibiotics still flood the market.

While the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) has shut down illegal drug factories, enforcement remains a challenge.

Limited public awareness means many Nigerians remain unaware of the dangers of antibiotic misuse.

Gaps in hospital diagnostics also pose a problem, as many hospitals lack the equipment to quickly detect resistant infections, delaying life-saving treatment.

Additionally, Dr Jide Idris, Director-General of NCDC, recently stressed the need for stronger policies.

“We need stricter regulation of antibiotic sales, improved surveillance, and more public awareness campaigns to combat this crisis,” Idris said.

While international funding plays an important role, grassroots initiatives are also making a difference.

In Kaduna state for instance, a community health programme educates women about the dangers of self-medicating children with antibiotics.

In Ogun, a farmers’ cooperative is pioneering the use of probiotics and herbal alternatives instead of antibiotics in livestock feed.

In Lagos, a group of pharmacists have launched a campaign urging Nigerians to complete their antibiotic prescriptions.

Though small, these efforts are essential in changing behaviours and reducing resistance.

In the same vein, Dr Mary Alex-Wele, Consultant Clinical Microbiologist at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, has called for stronger AMR surveillance through better lab capacity, data-sharing, and real-time monitoring.

As Chair of Nigeria’s Core Group for Policy Briefs under WHO RADAAR’s EVIPNet, she stressed responsible antibiotic prescribing and public awareness to curb misuse.

She also urged increased investment in new antimicrobials, alternative therapies, and rapid diagnostics, alongside stricter regulations, infection prevention, and cross-sector collaboration.

To effectively combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), global health advocates emphasise the importance of collaboration between governments, researchers, and the private sector.

They argue that stricter policies and enforcement measures are essential to prevent the overuse of antibiotics and the sale of counterfeit drugs.

Furthermore, they stress the need for improved hospital infection control to ensure better hygiene in healthcare settings.

In addition, continued surveillance and research play a crucial role in monitoring resistance patterns and adapting treatment guidelines accordingly.

At the same time, public education campaigns must raise awareness about the responsible use of antibiotics to curb misuse.

As Chibuzor steps out of the Karu abattoir, he reflects on the broader implications.

“What happens here affects the entire country. If we don’t stop resistance at its source, whether in animals, hospitals, or pharmacies, we are setting ourselves up for a future where even minor infections become deadly”. (NANFeatures)

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