By Usman Aliyu

Kidnapping has become very common in Nigeria with people abducted on the highways, Railways, schools, and even their houses.

While some get to return home after huge sums are paid, others get killed while some victims are turned into wives, sex toys or slaves of their abductors in the forests.

For families of victims, it is usually a litany of galling tales.

Very often, affected families spend so much to ensure that the victims are released. Stories have been told of families that sold practically everything they had, including even the house they may be living in.

In many cases, communities pull resources together while others borrow from just any source to meet the greedy needs of the abductors.

Stories have also been told of people who conveyed ransom getti80ng arrested by the abductors while delivering the negotiated monies or, in some cases, motorcycles, food items, or even animals.

One of such families is the Aziegbemi family in Benin City, whose member was recently abducted in the city while returning from a meeting.

The victim, Dr Tony Aziegbemi, the Chairman, Edo chapter of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP), was whisked away in the midnight. The bandits later demanded for N500 million as ransom.

“We were asked to produce an amount that was beyond our entire life savings. How could we ever have gathered such a fortune?”, a family member fumed.

In Ilorin, the capital of Kwara, the family of Abdullahi Saadu found itself grappling with a similar nightmare when Aisha, a student, was taken. The poor family found the ransom too high and didn’t even know how to start the negotiation.

Sa’adu, a peasant farmer, recounts his ordeal.

“We work tirelessly every day to put food on the table. How could we ever come up with such a colossal sum? It was a hopeless case for us.”

In Nigeria’s capital, Abuja, the family of Akadiriya faced a similar ordeal when five sisters, alongside their father, were taken into captivity. The ransom demanded was far beyond the family’s meagre resources, plunging everyone into a nightmare.

Luckily, Prof. Isa Pantami, former Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, and some neighbours, mobilised resources to secure the release of the victims. Tried as they did, not all of the victims came back as one of the siblings was murdered.

Enhanced digitalised ID system as a solution

To address this breach in security, Nigeria has, in recent time, been at the forefront of efforts to establish a reliable national digitised ID system through the National Identification Number (NIN), and Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), linkage policy.

The primary goal of this policy, according to the Federal Government, is to create a secure and inclusive digital society while enhancing overall security within the country.

In spite of these efforts, however, Nigeria still faces significant challenges such as the failure to properly identify some of these criminals while accessing telecom services to negotiate for ransoms.

According to Mr Gbenga Adebayo, Chairman, Association of Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (ALTON), there are about 224 million active lines in Nigeria as of February 2024. 12 million of them have, however, not been linked to NIN.

Pantami, the former minister, under whom the policy was introduced, identifies complexities involved in coordinating with multiple stakeholders, including telecom companies and citizens, as one of the constraints on the path of a seamless compliance with the policy,

“We are aware of the hurdles hindering the effectiveness of the policy, and we are committed to addressing them to strengthen our national security framework,” he said recently.

Similarly, Dr Emeka Nwosu, a cybersecurity analyst, points out the technical challenges faced by telecom operators in verifying and linking millions of SIM cards to NINs within the stipulated time-frame.

Nwosu says the sheer scale of the task, coupled with the limited infrastructure and resources, poses significant hurdles for the industry.

The cybersecurity expert recommends enhancement of the verification process during SIM card registration to ensure that individuals provide accurate personal information linked to their NIN.

This, he says, can help in tracing the origin of anonymous calls made by kidnappers.

He adds that there is also a need to strengthen collaboration between telecommunications companies, law enforcement agencies and relevant government bodies to facilitate the timely sharing of information related to suspicious phone calls or activities.

“By establishing a streamlined communication system and data-sharing mechanism, authorities can quickly track and investigate ransom calls made by perpetrators,” he adds.

While emphasising the critical role of a robust national ID system in enhancing the operations of security agencies, particularly to curb criminal activities, a retired AIG, Ambrose Aisabor, corroborates the importance of effective collaboration among the relevant agencies of the government, security forces and telecommunications sector to make the policy more effective.

“Security agencies, particularly the police, need a unified approach to leverage technology in combating threats to national security and safeguarding the lives of our citizens. This can hardly be done without the cooperation of other sister agencies.

“Inter-agencies rivalry among our security architecture is one of the challenges impeding the full benefits of the policy and its implementation,” Asiabor added.

Asiabor makes a case for education of security agencies on basics of intelligence, saying the policy is not yielding the desired result due to poor planning.

“It is flawed because the basic rudiments of intelligence are not incorporated in the policy.

“Before you can fight insecurity, intelligence must be there. The policy looks poorly planned, even though it is a good policy. Before you do something like that, some of the security agents are supposed to be trained.

“There is no synergy among the security agencies. There is high-level of individualism among the agencies. There is inter-agency rivalry,” he fumed.

Robust digital verification system

Sharing a similar sentiment, Nwosu advocates streamlined registration and verification processes that deploy advanced technological tools such as artificial intelligence and biometric authentication systems for a robust system.

This, he says, will not only enhance the accuracy and efficiency of linking NINs with SIM cards, but also bolster the overall security architecture of the country.

To Mr Adebayo, an engineer and the chairman of ALTON, enhancing public awareness and engagement is crucial to drive compliance and adoption of the NIN-SIM policy.

“Educating citizens about the significance of a national digital ID system in safeguarding their personal information and enhancing security can foster a culture of proactive participation and support for the initiative,” he says.

Adebayo regretted that the level of compliance among the citizens was somehow low, blaming the situation for the observable lapses largely contributing to the ineffectiveness of the policy.

The telecom expert describes the policy as good for the country, but calls for a strict compliance to sequence and procedures, to make the innovation result-oriented.

“While the intention is good, I think compliance remains a major problem. People have not really complied with the sequence and procedures,” he said.

Adebayo clarified that telecom operators in the country usually provide information to security agencies, but what the agencies do with the information, he said, was out of place.

“We give information to security agencies, but what they do with it is not in our control,” he said.

Also to entrench a robust system, Mr Tunde Adeleke, a telecom expert, calls for a continuous monitoring and evaluation of the NIN-SIM integration policy to identify loopholes and address shortcomings in the system.

By regularly reviewing the implementation process and soliciting feedback from stakeholders, says Adeleke, the policymakers can make necessary adjustments to strengthen the effectiveness of the initiative in combating kidnapping and other criminal activities.

Analysts, while acknowledging that the policy is good to strengthen the digital identification system, observe that it is important to adopt a multi-faceted approach that combines technological solutions and collaborative efforts among key stakeholders.

They also call for public awareness campaigns and continuous monitoring and evaluation.

By implementing the recommendations, they feel authorities can enhance their capabilities in identifying, tracking and apprehending individuals involved in kidnapping activities and ultimately contribute to the safety and security of citizens. (NANFeatures)

By Tosin Kolade and Olasunkanmi Onifade, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

In April 2017, the Federal Government of Nigeria launched the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP) to boost the nation’s economic growth and global competitiveness.

ERGP focuses on delivering key government services, enhancing the macroeconomic environment, investing in human capital, and fostering a local digital economy.

Central to ERGP’s success is the need for robust identification systems, as they are crucial for effective delivery of government services, social safety nets, financial inclusion, and in elections.

It also provides opportunities for firms to innovate in Nigeria’s digital economy.

According to the World Bank, only 42.6 per cent of Nigerians possess birth certificates, highlighting a significant shortfall in identity management.

In 2020, the World Bank initiated a partnership with Nigeria for the Digital Identification for Development project, teaming up with the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC).

The project’s goal is to register 148 million Nigerians and issue them digital IDs by June 2024.

In a nation where identity verification seems to be a recurrent theme, the recent announcement by the Federal Government to introduce three new national identity cards has sparked both interest and skepticism among citizens.

The initiative, set to launch in May 2024, aims to target 104 million Nigerians, as part of a broader effort to establish a unified and secured digital identity framework across the nation.

The announcement, made in an official statement by the NIMC on April 6, also highlighted the collaboration between various key stakeholders.

They include the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigerian Interbank Settlement System (NIBSS), to implement the new identity scheme.

Powered by AfriGo, a national card scheme established by CBN, the new IDs are designed to facilitate domestic transactions and provide a comprehensive solution to identity verification.

However, amidst the anticipation of a more streamlined identification process, concerns have been raised regarding the proliferation of identity systems in Nigeria.

According to NIMC’s Strategic Roadmap for Developing Digital Identification in Nigeria, identification remains underdeveloped in Nigeria, in spite of the urgent needs for it.

It says about 13 or more Federal Government-run agencies, and another 3 or more State agencies, offer ID services in Nigeria, where each government agency collects the same biometric information of people, overlapping efforts within government, at a high fiscal cost.

It listed many government agencies involved in identification to include; National Identity Management Commission (NIMC), and the National Population Commission (NPopC) Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

Others are the Independent Election Commission (INEC), and National Communications Commission (NCC), amongst others.

The roadmap revealed that in spite of a fragmented ID ecosystem, the FGN is on track to spend US$4.3 billion on identification, with US$1.2 billion spent, and another US$3.2 billion to be spent.

Over the years, citizens have been subjected to various forms of identification, including national ID cards, Bank Verification Numbers (BVN), and National Identification Numbers (NIN), each accompanied by its share of controversies.

There are significant concerns about the effectiveness and security of Nigeria’s National Identity document, especially in addressing issues like insurgency, kidnapping, and digital identity fraud.

The findings from the 2024 Digital Identity Fraud in Africa Report highlight the urgent need for improvements in the country’s identity verification systems to better protect citizens and combat fraud.

Under the proposed scheme, Nigerians will be issued with a bank-enabled national ID, a social intervention card, and an optional ECOWAS National Biometric Identity Card.

While the intention behind these initiatives is to enhance security and improve access to essential services, many citizens have expressed frustration over the perceived complexity and redundancy of the system.

Social media platforms have been abuzz with criticism, with many questioning the necessity of introducing yet another layer of identification.

Some argue that the existing identification mechanisms, such as a simple plastic ID with a QR code, are sufficient and less cumbersome for citizens to manage.

Moreover, concerns have been raised about the financial implications of implementing these new identity systems.

In spite of significant allocation of funds to the NIMC in previous years for the procurement of ‘state-of-the-art’ equipment for NIN registration, challenges persist in meeting registration deadlines and linking identification numbers with SIM cards.

This, however, has led to disruptions in telecommunications services for many Nigerians.

A business woman, Mrs Toyosi Olawale, said identity cards should be unified into one card as it was done in developed countries.

“With a social security number and identity system in advanced countries, all information about an individual can be gotten in less than one minute.

“So, government should see how to unify its information and identity systems into one database and card.

“It makes it easier, avoids duplication of identity. It will also be easier to carry. Too many identity cards may be easily stolen or misplaced,” she said.

Prof. Adeshina Sodiya, former President, Nigeria Computer Society (NCS), also appealed to NIMC to seek experts’ advice before introducing the proposed multipurpose Identity cards for Nigerians.

He said there should be a strategic workshop for critical analysis before the introduction of the multipurpose cards.

He said there was need for NIMC to get it right for betterment of the country.

“Now, we have many existing cards, platforms, resources for financial transactions. How will the new cards be able to compete with them?

“We were also told that the new NIN cards will also be used for social investment programmes.

“How would vulnerable Nigerians be able to handle and manage it? The issue of privacy also comes in, these questions need to be addressed”, Sodiya said.

He said the success of NIN cards would largely depend on how relevant organisations work together, adding that the e-Naira introduced was not really acceptance.

However, Mr Kayode Adegoke, NIMC’s head of corporate communications, responded to stakeholders` criticisms by affirming that the new National ID card is a General Multipurpose Card (GMPC).

According to him, it will consolidate the need for multiple cards into a single, convenient solution for various purposes.

Adegoke explained that the GMPC offers comprehensive functionalities, including payments, access to government services, and travel, simplifying individuals’ wallets and reducing the clutter of carrying multiple cards.

To facilitate the financial features of the GMPC, he said, NIMC would collaborate with the CBN and NIBSS, aiming for seamless integration of payment and financial services into the GMPC.

“Applicants for the GMPC are required to request it using their National Identification Number (NIN) through online portals, NIMC offices, or their banks.

“Upon approval, the card will be issued through the applicants’ banks, adhering to established protocols for debit/credit card issuance and powered by the AFRIGO card scheme, supported by NIBSS”, he said.

Experts say efficient national identity management system is pivotal for economic development, as it establishes a universal identification framework, facilitating access and verification of individuals’ identities within a country.

They also assert that such a system aids comprehensive economic planning, enhances intelligence gathering capabilities, and fosters a robust internal and external security framework in Nigeria.

As the government pushes forward with its plans to overhaul the national identity framework, it faces the daunting task of balancing the need for enhanced security with the imperative of minimising the burden of procuring them on citizens.

The success of these initiatives will ultimately hinge on government’s ability to streamline processes, addressing existing gaps in the identification system, and regaining the trust of Nigerians that government’s ability to manage complex processes. (NANFeatures)

**If used please credit the writers and News Agency of Nigeria.

Nigeria: The Changing Governance Story

By Temitope Ajayi

Tracking many stories of remarkable progress currently taking place in Nigeria can be a challenging task. This is so because these important stories are lost to some who daily indulge in the cacophony of adverse reports. These negative news often dominates the headlines.

With a 24-hour news cycle that tends to focus mainly on distasteful narratives, several Nigerians have been made to accept the view that nothing good is happening in their country.

Those who rely on the mainstream media and social media as the only sources of news and information they consume are the worst hit by the cycle of misinformation that portrays our country as descending rapidly to the edge of the precipice. However, the reality is different: the country is making progress in leaps and bounds.

Late Swedish physician and Professor of International Health at Karolinska Institute, Hans Rosling, his son, Ola Rosling, and daughter-in-law, Anna Rosling, extensively dwell on this subject in “Factfulness: Ten Reasons We’re Wrong About the World – and Why Things Are Better Than You Think,” a book published in 2018.

In the book, the authors demonstrate that most people are made to hold the wrong notion about the state of the world because the media project data, analyse trends and select stories to make people assume that things are getting worse around them. The authors assert that a majority of people view the world as poorer, less healthy, and a more dangerous place to live in than it actually is. In other words, many people believe they are living in a worse period in the history of mankind because of misinformation.

The same situation the Roslings describe in their book is at play in Nigeria, where individuals, interest groups, activists, analysts, self-serving politicians, and opposition elements constantly project and amplify negative stories.

It is as if we are in a race with those who can say the most horrible things about our country. Yet, we have an abundance of good stories to tell the world. We seem so numb to the good news that we are dismissive of breakthroughs and innovative trends. For instance, we downplay the significance of Dangote Petroleum Refinery and its possibilities to reflate the economy.

Many people forgot so soon that we had been importing petroleum products for over three decades because the state-owned refineries are moribund. Our national economy bled, and the country was in a fiscal cul-de-sac for those years as a result of subsidy payments on petroleum products.

Today, however, Nigeria is home to the largest single-train refinery in the world, with the capacity to process 650,000 barrels of crude per day. Cynics do not see this as a breakthrough.

Nigerians who are 60 years old and below started seeing modern rail infrastructure in 2016 when the All Progressives Congress-led administration of former President Muhammadu Buhari commissioned the standard gauge rail system, beginning with the Abuja-Kaduna route, later Lagos-Ibadan and then the Warri-Itakpe.

The national rail modernisation project is progressing with Kano-Katsina-Maradi and Kano-Kaduna standard gauge rail projects at different stages of completion. The contractor working on the rehabilitation of the Port Harcourt-Maiduguri narrow gauge recently announced the completion of the Port Harcourt-Aba section.

While the Federal Government is rallying stakeholders to promote economic integration across the country, the Lagos State Government recently launched two metro rail lines -Blue and Red Rail lines – as part of the state’s elaborate master plan to build a modern and efficient megacity. Like Lagos State, there are visible signs of remarkable, quantifiable progress in several other states, including Kaduna, Kano, Akwa-Ibom, Rivers, Kebbi, Borno, Gombe, Oyo, Ekiti and Ogun, among others.

A few weeks ago, the President Bola Tinubu-led administration embarked on the construction of the 700 kilometres Lagos-Calabar Coastal Highway that will connect nine coastal states in another bold move to bolster economic growth further and open up the country to productive economic activities.

While it may be very easy for critics and other armchair analysts to ignore these developments and their significance to remaking Nigeria, there is no gainsaying that these projects and many more that are ongoing or about to be instituted across critical sectors are the core of President Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda. Indeed, it is hard to process why the so-called critics and cynics can not see the Lagos-Calabar Highway project as a clear demonstration of the President’s commitment to harnessing the potential of our renascent Blue Economy.

Despite what is bandied by the most vociferous critics, a recent policy intervention on the state of the economy by the Independent Media and Policy Initiative (IMPI), a think-tank group, refuted the apocalyptic prognosis of the economic situation of the country by opposition figures, led by former Vice President Atiku Abubakar. The experts at IMPI made brilliant and well-thought-out submissions that repudiated the doomsday prophesy of critics.

Acting true to type, the People’s Democratic Party Presidential candidate in the last election and a few others, including business advocacy groups, derisively heightened tension with their pronouncements on the state of the economy. They framed the country under the leadership of President Tinubu as a hostile business environment, scoring the administration low on business enablement.

While politicians, such as Atiku Abubakar, will naturally play politics with everything to score cheap points, some corporate advocacy groups often raise needless alarms, ostensibly to compel the government to do their bidding and usually in manners adverse to the interests of the people.

For example, while private sector advocacy groups, such as the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN), Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) and Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Mines and Agriculture (NACCIMA), regularly issue press statements on many businesses shutting their operations in Nigeria, such statements always fail to disclose that new businesses are also springing up in the country.

It is not only in Nigeria that businesses shut down operations. In any case, businesses wind up operations for many reasons that may have nothing to do with the operating environment.

It is a worldwide phenomenon shaped by a variety of factors. For instance, when the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria announced that 767 companies shut down in 2023, the Small Business advocacy group in the United Kingdom announced that 345,000 businesses closed shop in the UK.

The UK Group said: “More businesses closing down than starting up for the first time in 12 years.”

While it is not good for any business to shut down operations, irrespective of the number of employees, those who project the negative narrative should be nuanced and more balanced in their analyses.

In its submission titled, “In Defence of the Nigerian Economy,’ the Independent Media and Policy Initiative declared: “767 companies that closed down in Nigeria do not in any way come close to the 345,000 closures recorded in the United Kingdom in that same period. Neither can the number be compared to the 460,000 companies that shut down every quarter, that is, every three months, in China, or the 10,655 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) shut down in 2022-2023 in India.

“As routinely rendered, we are further informed by the Indian data that there were over 11,000 new firms that started business afresh for every one of the 175 shutdowns in 2022.”

Interestingly, while the announced exit from Nigeria by GSK and Sanofi generated much furore on the social media and mainstream media last year, about the same period the two companies were planning their exit, indigenous pharmaceutical companies, such as Emzor were making new multi-million Dollar investments to expand their production lines in Nigeria.

More balanced news reports on Nigeria in that respect should have also included statistics circulated by the National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC), which indicated that 105 applications for the construction of drug manufacturing facilities across the country were approved and 35 per cent of the promoters of the approved applications actually completed construction of their factories.

Within this period, Emzor Pharmaceuticals Company, owned by Mrs. Stella Okoli, Japanese Multinational Pharma, Otsuka, and over 20 newly registered local drug manufacturers cumulatively, invested over $2 billion to complete their World Health Organisation (WHO)-compliant facilities to produce quality pharmaceuticals and essential drugs for Nigerians.

In its ranking of Africa’s 100 fastest-growing companies in 2023, the Financial Times (FT) ranked 27 Nigerian businesses on the list.

The FT list, again, validated the strength of the Nigerian economy and its viability as a business destination for investors seeking to make good returns on their investments.

Since he assumed office less than a year ago, President Tinubu has been bullish in addressing the identified problems besetting the investment climate in Nigeria.

The administration has restored global confidence in the monetary policy reforms of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) that have seen the Naira rebound strongly against the Dollar and other convertible currencies, making the Naira the best-performing currency in the world.

On the back of the reforms embarked upon by the fiscal and monetary authorities, the country’s currency gained N900 against the US Dollar within a spate of two months. This is spectacular progress, but to subjective critics, they are unimportant.

On security, the progress being made is noticeable and can be felt in the calmness that has returned to the South-East geopolitical zone. This is where the criminal activities of the outlawed Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) group and its Eastern Security Network (ESN) have been brought under control. In the North-West zone and parts of North-Central, most especially Abuja, where there was a surge in banditry and kidnapping, the Nigerian Military and Police have successfully gained control and counterbalanced major threats to the security of lives and property.

The National Security Adviser, Malam Nuhu Ribadu, announced on Monday, April 15, 2024, that the security forces had rescued 1,000 Nigerians from their abductors without payment of ransom. This is evidence of successful security operations across the country. Again, the cynics and inveterate critics will not find such feats interesting to amplify.

In the technology ecosystem, Nigerian startup companies have continued to record big strides. At least 10 Nigerian startups were selected among 40 technology firms listed for the $4 million Black Founders Fund. Google sponsors the Black Founders Fund for Startups (GfS).

Nigeria continues to lead the pack in tech startups and capital raising in Africa. In the First Quarter (Q1) of 2024, 121 African tech startups, led by Nigeria’s Moove, raised $466 million. Of the total amount raised in Q1 2024 by tech startups on the African continent, Nigerian startups got the lion’s share of $160 million. Nigeria’s startup ecosystem has remained vibrant and a massive centre of innovation and driver of economic growth.

A 2022 report on African Tech Startups Funding by Disrupt Africa also showed that startups from Nigeria accounted for 28.4% of the total funded ventures and received 29.3% of total investments in Africa. The report indicated that 180 startups from Nigeria collectively raised $976 million from the $3.3 billion that flowed into the continent.

From the Nigerian tech ecosystem, Andela, Flutterwave, Opay, Jumia, and Interswitch emerged as unicorns out of 7 unicorns in Africa. That each one of these five companies with over $ 1 billion in valuation came out of Nigeria is an affirmation of the progress Nigeria is making in human capital development.

Another interesting twist to this enchanting story is that the majority of the founders of the leading startups came out of the Nigerian school system. They had their education from primary school up to the university level in Nigeria.

The story of Kiakia Bits Limited and Sycamore, two companies managed by innovative and enterprising young Nigerians, illustrates the impact Financial Technology (FinTech) companies are making on the economy as enablers of growth for small businesses.

Established in 2016 by Olajide Abiola and his partner, Chiemeziem Anyadike, Kiakia has over 200,000 customers and has advanced credit worth over N20 billion to more than 12,000 small and medium-scale enterprises within eight years. Babatunde Akin-Moses and two of his partners started Sycamore in 2019 after they met during their MBA programme at Pan-Atlantic University (PAU), in Lagos.

Within five years, the company has gained recognition and a reputation as one of the most visible and viable brands in the FinTech space. Sycamore has 140,000 registered customers, out of which over 10% are active.

The value of transactions on Sycamore’s platform in dollar terms is in excess of $30 million. The company has disbursed over N25 billion in credit to various small and medium enterprises. A significant revelation from both Kiakia and Sycamore is the report that 99% of their credit to small and medium-scale enterprises are performing, an indication that the businesses they support are doing well.

Overall, the groundbreaking performance of the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) as, possibly, Africa’s best stock exchange in terms of capital appreciation, the footprints of BUA Group in manufacturing and other consumer goods, the solidity of IHS Towers and MainOne as Africa’s telecoms infrastructure backbones, the disruption caused by Air Peace on the lucrative Lagos-London route, the grandeur of the sprawling Lekki-Deep Sea Port rank highly among countless high-impact business endeavours.

And finally, the indomitable spirit of Nigerians epitomises the narrative of progress that all patriotic Nigerians should regularly amplify.

-Ajayi is Senior Special Assistant to President Tinubu on media and publicity.

 By Abujah Racheal, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Mr Shedreck Hammayaji, 37-year-old, a dedicated nurse at Kwali General Hospital, Kwali, Abuja, demonstrates an unwavering commitment to healthcare and community service despite facing numerous challenges. 

During the height of outbreaks, Hammayaji said that he witnessed the strain on the healthcare system firsthand as patients inundated the hospital with symptoms of the deadly virus.

“I remember the fear in people’s eyes as they sought treatment, unsure if they would survive.

“We were overwhelmed, with limited supplies and staff to handle the growing number of cases,” he recalled.

His experiences shed light on the critical importance of adequate funding in epidemic preparedness. 

With increased resources, healthcare workers like him could receive better training, access essential equipment, and strengthen disease surveillance systems to respond effectively to outbreaks.

His story serves as a poignant reminder of the profound impact of funding decisions on frontline healthcare workers and the communities they serve. 

It underscored the urgent need to invest in epidemic preparedness to safeguard the health and well-being of Nigerians nationwide.

In light of recent health crises also unknown in the country, including outbreaks of diphtheria, Lassa fever, measles, and meningitis, the significance of epidemic preparedness funding cannot be overstated in Nigeria.

Nigeria, as one of the most populous countries in Africa, faces unique challenges in dealing with potential epidemics due to its large and diverse population. 

Comparing the budget amounts for 2024 with the total budget for health security in 2023 reveals a significant discrepancy.

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa stands as one of the deadliest in history, starkly illustrating the repercussions of insufficient epidemic preparedness funding. 

The impact was profound: limited funding impeded early detection and response efforts, exacerbating the severity of the outbreak. 

Conversely, countries with stronger healthcare systems and better-funded preparedness programmes demonstrated more effective responses.

Beyond the human toll, the outbreak inflicted economic turmoil, especially in regions lacking adequate preparedness funding, resulting in income loss and trade disruption. 

Despite global mobilisation, the fragmented response underscored the urgent need for enhanced coordination and investment in preparedness.

From this crisis emerged valuable lessons- the critical necessity of adequate funding for preparedness to mount effective outbreak responses. 

Moreover, it highlighted the pivotal role of public-private partnerships and international cooperation in shaping an effective response framework. 

According to public health experts, investing in preparedness not only fortifies healthcare systems but also equips them to confront future threats with resilience.

In spite of commendable strides in recent years, they said that the country still faces significant challenges in funding epidemic preparedness, as per a recent World Health Organisation (WHO) report.

The report underscores the need for increased investment in surveillance, laboratory capacity, and health system strengthening to adequately respond to infectious diseases.

One major challenge the report said was the lack of sustained financial commitment from both the federal government and international donors. 

While funding spikes during crises like the Ebola outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic, it often lacks consistency, hindering long-term preparedness efforts.

The COVID-19 pandemic also exposed the vulnerabilities in the country’s health system, underlining the urgent need for increased investment in epidemic preparedness. 

Shortages of critical supplies during the pandemic highlighted the consequences of insufficient funding allocation and prioritisation.

To address these challenges, experts underscored coordinated efforts to prioritise preparedness, boost funding commitments, and enhance resource allocation and utilisation. 

The Joint External Evaluation (JEE) tool has been instrumental in evaluating Nigeria’s health capacities, leading to notable improvements in health security ratings.

Nigeria utilised the JEE tool 3.0 to evaluate the implementation status of health capacities in the country, measuring progress across 56 indicators spanning 19 International Health Regulations (IHR) core capacities. 

Dr Geoffrey Jagero, Senior Technical Advisor for Laboratory Systems at the Division of Global Health Protection, US CDC Kenya, stressed the importance of increasing trained professionals in biological risk management. 

Jagero called for collaboration with government agencies to develop biosecurity frameworks.

Dr Patrick Nguku, AFENET Regional Technical Coordinator, stressed the need for investment in healthcare infrastructure, disease surveillance systems, and training healthcare workers for early detection and reporting.

Dr Solomon Chollom, a Virologist, highlighted the importance of collaboration between Nigeria and international donors through joint funding mechanisms, advocacy efforts, and transparent fund utilisation.

Dr Gafar Alawode, Chief of Party, Health Financing Governance Projects, advocated for public-private partnerships to bolster epidemic preparedness funding, diversifying funding sources through innovative mechanisms like social impact bonds.

Alawode stressed the urgency of bolstering epidemic preparedness financing mechanisms, addressing bureaucratic inefficiencies, and strengthening domestic resource mobilisation.

Meanwhile, Dr Simeon Onyemaechi, Chairman of the Forum of CEOs of State Social Health Insurance Agencies (SSHIA), emphasised the necessity of adopting a holistic approach to address the funding gap in epidemic preparedness. 

Onyemaechi highlighted the importance of prioritising collaboration among stakeholders, implementing innovative financing mechanisms, and enacting policy reforms to strengthen Nigeria’s preparedness efforts.

The Coordinator, Africa Health Budget Network, AHBN, Dr Aminu Magashi, said that the country needs more funding to pay hazard allowances on a monthly and timely basis to the teeming frontline health workers such as medical doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians amongst others. 

Magashi said that as of now, payment was erratic and meagre and not commensurate to the risk of exposure to infections. 

He stressed the urgent need for governments to fortify healthcare systems and improve surveillance and response mechanisms for infectious diseases. 

He emphasised the importance of domestic financing for health initiatives while also advocating for ongoing international support.

In conclusion, investing in epidemic preparedness is essential for Nigeria’s resilience to health emergencies and sustainable development. 

By examining funding mechanisms, identifying gaps, and implementing strategic interventions, Nigeria can ensure a healthier future for its citizens. (NANFeatures)

**If used please credit the Writer and News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

By Tosin Kolade, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

In February 2024, the mass media was awash with reports of the arrest of Bassey Idio for currency racketeering by operatives of the Uyo Zonal Command of Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC).

The 59-year-old ‘naira trader’ was apprehended following intelligence and surveillance revealing his illicit cash transactions involving both local and foreign currencies.

He was found selling N700,000 new Naira notes, comprising 12 bundles of N500 notes totaling N600,000, and a bundle of N1000 notes amounting to N100,000.

Idio, later confessed to the crime and was convicted.

Before then, in a widely circulated video, Federal lawmaker Ibrahim Abuna, was seen distributing money to a crowd presumed to be his constituents.

Abuna was representing Mafa, Dikwa and Konduga federal constituency of Borno in the House of Representatives.

He demonstrated his generosity by tossing money from a balcony, disregarding the potential risk of a stampede as people fought  to catch the airborne naira notes.

The recipients consisted of young men and women, as well as elderly persons.

Sadly, no arrest or conviction was made since 2021 when the video was made.

On daily basis, the Abuna scenario is repeated in different parts of the country as celebrities and politicians try to outdo one another as they engage in money spraying at social events and even political gathering.

Recently, there was a dramatic twist in this otherwise “normal” behavior among Nigerians as a Federal High Court in Lagos sentenced Idris Okuneye ‘!Bobrisky’, a popular crossdresser, to six months in prison for naira abuse.

Justice Abimbola Awogboro, said Bobrisky as he is commonly known, who was prosecuted by the EFCC, was jailed as a deterrent to those that may engage in naira abuse.

The judge also said that Bobrisky should use his influence to teach people about legal money practices.

She said Bobrisky’s offence is contrary to, and punishable, under Section 21(1) of the Central Bank Act 2007.

Naira abuse has been illegal in Nigeria for a long time, but spraying naira notes or throwing its bundles during social events has been a tradition in Nigeria for many years but unfortunately those in indulge in them have not been brought to book under the Act.

The Act recognses naira abuse to include actions like throwing, stamping, engraving, selling, and mutilating the currency. They carry a penalty of a ₦50,000 fine or six months in prison.

According to the Act, tampering includes impairing, diminishing, or lightening coins or notes, as well as defacing them through stamping, engraving, mutilating, or other forms of deliberate abuse.

It notes that spraying, dancing, or stepping on the naira during social occasions or otherwise is considered an abuse and defacing of the currency, punishable under this Act.

A financial expert, Mr Rilwan Afolabi, says the Act aims to protect the integrity and value of Nigeria’s currency by imposing strict penalties on those who tamper with or abuse it.

According to him, by defining various forms of tampering and abuse, including common practices like spraying or dancing on the naira during social events, the Act seeks to deter such behaviours land promote respect for the currency.

“The inclusion of penalties for hawking, selling, or trading in Naira notes further reinforces the seriousness with which the law treats any actions that could undermine the currency’s stability and legitimacy.

“Overall, the Act reflects the CBN’s commitment to maintaining the integrity of Nigeria’s monetary system and ensuring public confidence in the national currency,” he said.

However, many people think the punishment meted to Bobrisky was too harsh and want leniency, while others suggest community service for non-violent crimes like this.

Social activist, Aisha Yesufu, has criticised Bobrisky for admitting guilt to the charge of naira mutilation.

In a write-up on X, formerly known as Twitter, Aisha wondered why Bobrisky quickly admitted guilt.

“Who advised him to plead guilty?”, she screamed, while raising concerns about how spraying money could be equated to mutilating money and why the law is selectively enforced.

She added: “Worst case scenario, I would have advised him to plead ‘No Contest.’

Yesufu raised more posers: “If spraying money is considered mutilation, then what about politicians throwing money at people?

“Mutilation and spraying money how are they the same? Did Bobrisky pick a scissors and started shredding the Naira

“We just have a jungle where anything goes because some people’s morality is offended.

“If Bobrisky has crimes he has committed, prosecute him on those and not this selective prosecutions.”

Also reacting, Deji Adeyanju, a lawyer and social activist, expressed concern over the six-month sentence handed to Bobrisky.

The sentence, delivered without the option of a fine, has raised questions about the severity of punishment for what some perceive as a cultural practice.

While acknowledging the importance of upholding the law, Adeyanju highlighted Bobrisky’s status as a first-time offender and his pledge to utilise his platform to raise awareness against Naira mutilation.

He urged the courts to consider the cultural context surrounding such offenses and emphasised the need for extensive public sensitisation before prosecution.

The issue of selective enforcement was also raised, as Adeyanju questioned why he was singled out for prosecution when others were reportedly engaged in similar acts during the event in question.

He cautioned against the perception of bias in law enforcement and called for a fair and impartial approach to justice.

In light of these concerns, Adeyanju proposed an alternative approach to handling such crimes as Naira mutilation, advocating community service as an ppropriate form of punishment.

He reaffirmed his commitment to upholding the rule of law and protecting human rights while urging security agencies to consider alternative measures for addressing such offenses.

Adeyanju said that the ongoing debate surrounding Bobrisky’s sentence underscored broader discussions about cultural practices, law enforcement and the balance between tradition and legal compliance in Nigerian society.

As stakeholders continue to weigh in on the matter, it remains to be seen how authorities will address the complexities surrounding Naira mutilation and similar offenses in the future.

Also, they call for comprehensive campaigns on the importance of preserving the integrity of naira.

Such initiatives, they say, could help instill a culture of respect for the currency and discourage behaviours that undermine its integrity and value. (NANFeatures)

**If used please credit the writer and the News Agency of Nigeria.

By Abujah Racheal, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

In the lush fields of Nasarawa State, 43-year-old Mrs Mariamu Jubril was tirelessly nurturing crops that sustained her family.

However, a silent battle raged – one that would test her resilience.

Jubril recounts how it all began with a persistent fever accompanied by bone aches and fatigue, which she initially dismissed as a common sickness.

“However, as days stretched into weeks, my condition worsened.

“Misunderstood to be typhoid and malaria, my struggle took a perilous turn, as the true culprit, Lassa fever, silently ravaged my body,” she narrated.

It was when she returned to Keffi from Lafia that laboratory diagnosis unveiled the harsh reality.

“The diagnosis sent shockwaves through the medical staff, who recognised the gravity of my condition.

“With treatment underway, I waged, however, a battle against the relentless virus that threatened to snatch away my life,” she says.

According to Jubril,  the illness impaired her hearing.

“Undeterred, I refused to succumb to despair. With the same determination that fueled my days on the fields.

”I sought a solution, only to be confronted by the harsh reality of my financial limitations,” she adds.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), Lassa fever is a hemorrhagic fever that causes serious damage to various organs, reducing the body’s ability to function.

The virus is contagious and can spread from person to person via bodily fluids, including saliva, urine, blood and vomit.

According to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), Nigeria faced a significant outbreak of Lassa fever in 2023, recording 4,702 suspected cases, including 877 confirmed cases and 152 deaths between epidemiological weeks 1 and 15.

The virus is endemic in Nigeria and some other parts of West Africa. It is primarily transmitted by the multimammate rat.

Public health experts are worried that responding to the outbreak is challenging due to concurrent emergencies.

The experts explain that the symptoms vary, and diagnosis can be difficult, with many cases being asymptomatic or mild but dangerous.

They emphasise that laboratory testing is necessary for confirmation, noting that cases have been reported in states bordering Cameroon and Benin.

However, regional and global risks are considered low, as transmission occurs mainly through contact with contaminated food or household items, with minimal human-to-human transmission.

This year (2024) marks 55 years since the identification of the virus causing Lassa fever in the village of Lassa, in Borno State, Nigeria.

Nigeria, like many other countries, has had  public health crises in recent years.

From outbreaks of diseases such as Ebola,  typhoid fever and malaria, to the ongoing battle against Lassa fever and other illnesses, the country has had to confront the challenges of epidemic preparedness head-on.

But beyond the headlines that often focus on the immediate response to these outbreaks, there is a deeper story to be told about the country’s efforts to improve its overall epidemic preparedness and response capabilities.

The country has made significant strides in strengthening its public health infrastructure and building capacity to effectively detect, respond to, and prevent future epidemics.

One key aspect of the country’s epidemic preparedness efforts is the establishment of the NCDC in 2011.

The agency serves as the country’s national public health institute responsible for coordinating the surveillance, detection, and response to infectious disease outbreaks.

Through its network of state-level epidemiologists and laboratories, NCDC has been able to rapidly respond to disease outbreaks and prevent spread.

In addition to establishment of NCDC, Nigeria has  invested in training healthcare workers and strengthening its healthcare system to better respond to public health emergencies.

It has established emergency response teams and developed contingency plans for a range of potential epidemics.

Furthermore, the country has worked to improve its disease surveillance and reporting systems, allowing for more timely and accurate detection of outbreaks.

It has also implemented electronic reporting systems and established a national database for tracking disease trends, enabling public health officials to quickly identify and respond to potential threats.

In spite of these advancements, public health experts still say challenges remain in the country’s epidemic preparedness.

They attribute these challenges to funding constraints, inadequate healthcare infrastructure and security concerns.

They also cite environmental changes and global factors, which contribute to the unpredictable nature of emerging diseases, as obstacles to the country’s ability to effectively respond to epidemics.

Dr Ishaku Akyala, Associate Professor of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Epidemiology in Nasarawa State, says there are limited public health awareness, weak disease surveillance systems, and coordination and communication challenges.

According to Akyala, addressing these issues will require sustained investment, collaboration and commitment from various stakeholders to strengthen public health infrastructure, improve healthcare services, enhance disease surveillance and promote public health awareness.

“By overcoming these challenges, our nation can enhance its epidemic preparedness and response capabilities to better protect the health of its population,” he says.

Dr Jide Idris, the Director-General of NCDC, expresses concern over the recurring pattern of preventable diseases claiming lives in the country in spite of the nation’s awareness of disease patterns and their seasonal occurrences.

Idris emphasises the importance of preventive measures.

“It is better to prevent these diseases from happening  than waiting for them to occur.

“Despite the country’s knowledge of disease patterns, preventable diseases continue to claim lives annually, highlighting the urgency of proactive measures,” he says.

He outlines the agency’s strategic roadmap, focusing on leading preparedness, detection, and response to public health emergencies.

He stresses government’s responsibility to prioritise citizens protection and disease prevention, underscoring the importance of timely detection and proper response when diseases occur.

He emphasises the need for collaboration between the federal and state governments, as disease control efforts primarily take place at the state and local government levels.

He advocates a holistic One Health Approach involving sectors beyond healthcare, such as agriculture and environment, recognising the interconnectedness of human and animal health.

Highlighting the zoonotic nature of diseases such as Ebola, Monkeypox, Lassa fever, Yellow fever and COVID-19, Idris says there is the need for multi-sectoral partnerships to effectively combat the diseases.

He notes ongoing collaborations with health commissioners and the Nigerian Governors Forum, and stresses the importance of understanding social determinants in different states.

He believes that addressing health security requires substantial investment and tailored research.

He points out disconnect between sub-national entities and the Primary Healthcare Development Agency (NPHCDA), emphasising the need for strengthened partnerships at the state level.

A Nigerian scientist and former Vice-Chancellor of Redeemer’s University, Prof. Tomori Oyewale, urges  multi-dimensional approach to epidemic preparedness, integrating research, data analysis, and stakeholder engagement.

According to  him, the initiative should aim to go beyond surface discussions and evaluate Nigeria’s healthcare infrastructure, policy framework and community resilience in the face of potential epidemics.

Regarding strategies, he suggests comprehensive research, stakeholder engagement, public discourse, advocacy, resource allocation and international collaboration to effectively address health security threats.

Analysts are convinced that nobody prays for emergencies, but emphasise that preparedness is crucial to tackling emergencies.

They believe that citizens desire a strong emergency response system capable of efficiently and swiftly managing outbreaks and critical situations.

NCDC’s budget allocation for the fiscal year 2024 highlights key shifts in funding priorities aimed at bolstering the country’s disease prevention and response capabilities.

The total sum allocated to the agency in the 2024 stands at N4.356 billion, which stakeholders in the health sector say, did not indicate a strong commitment to safeguarding public health amidst evolving global health challenges.

Among the notable changes reflected in the budget are increase in specific budget lines dedicated to critical areas of disease prevention and response.

Procurement and distribution of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical supplies for the National Strategic Stockpile witnessed a significant boost, with an additional N30 million allocated from 2023 to 2024.

The increase underscores the heightened focus on enhancing stockpiling capabilities to support disease detection, prevention, and response efforts nationwide.

Similarly, sustained efforts in combating antimicrobial resistance are evident through a five million Naira increase in funding for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in sentinel sites across the country.

This augmentation, health economists argue, did not reaffirm the country’s commitment to monitoring and addressing the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance, a critical aspect of public health preparedness.

While investments in certain areas recorded increases, the budget also reflected strategic adjustments and new priorities.

In spite of maintaining the same budget allocation for equipping the NCDC headquarters with communication and response infrastructure, introduction of new budget lines shows a forward-looking approach to strengthening Nigeria’s public health infrastructure.

Of particular significance is introduction of interventions to develop capacity for public health informatics, emphasising the importance of harnessing data analytics, modelling, and forecasting to enhance emergency preparedness and response.

Additionally, allocation of N95 million for strengthening subnational health security shows the imperative of bolstering health security at subnational level, complementing efforts at the national level.

Furthermore, establishment of new budget lines dedicated to training, capacity building, and subnational emergency response highlights a proactive stance in fortifying the country’s readiness to combat emerging health threats effectively.

However, amid the strategic realignments and increased investments in key areas, reductions in funding for dissemination of surveillance outputs and  digitalisation of disease surveillance shows potential shifts in priorities.

Nigeria’s epidemic preparedness demands a concerted effort encompassing diverse stakeholders, innovative strategies, and sustained investment to safeguard public health and mitigate the impact of emerging diseases.

As the country continues to navigate the complexities of public health emergencies, concerted efforts to improve epidemic preparedness are essential for protecting the health and well-being of its citizens.

By investing in strong public health infrastructure, training healthcare workers and enhancing disease surveillance systems, the country will be taking important steps toward building a more resilient and responsive healthcare system that can effectively address the threats of future epidemics. (END)

***If used, please credit the writer and the agency **

By Mark Longyen

The United States government, through its Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), on Friday, in Abuja, donated some laboratory equipment to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC).

Dr Farah Husain, Programme Director, CDC Division, Global Health Protection, who donated the equipment, explained that they were the U.S. government’s efforts to help Nigeria address the challenges of disease outbreaks.

The items, which included biosafety cabinets, sample collection materials, essential laboratory equipment, and personal protective equipment, were received by Dr Jide Idris, Director-General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).

The CDC Program Director said that the equipment would help to sustain the quality and high outputs of Nigeria’s laboratories.

She assured Nigeria of the U.S.’s commitment to help develop response capacity in protecting the people against disease outbreaks.

“The U.S. government, via the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is proud to donate equipment and supplies to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention to support emergency response laboratory activities.

“The United States is committed to working hand-in-hand with Nigeria to build response capacity and protect the health of our peoples.

“Today, we gather to celebrate a concrete example of the strong partnership between the United States and Nigeria,” she said.

The U.S. official also noted that Nigeria was facing several disease outbreaks, such as Lassa fever, diphtheria, meningitis, stressing that laboratory scientists played a vital role in quickly detecting and confirming cases for effective outbreak response.

“The increased volume of laboratory work created by these simultaneous outbreaks creates a pressing need for additional resources. Together, with laboratories as the cornerstone of our collaborative work, we can quickly and effectively prevent and respond to outbreaks.

“Additionally, we have included large amounts of personal protective equipment to safeguard the health and safety of laboratory workers. Whether in the subnational labs, health facilities, or the communities they serve, this donation will directly help save lives,” Husain said.

Responding, the NCDC director general, said the gesture would go a long way to boost the country’s disease detection and capability ability and assured the U.S. government that the equipment would be judiciously put to use.

Idris underscored the importance of the Nigeria’s collaboration with the U.S. government, adding that no government could fund health system alone because it was very expensive.

“No government can fund health system alone and that’s why we require this kind of collaboration from different partners. The idea and the goal is to reduce the incidences.

“What concerns us mostly here is health security. This is key because a nation’s mandate to the people is to ensure that the health of the people is sacrosanct in terms of preventing the people  from catching any disease.

“And if so, where that provision or activity is not adequate, to ensure that you properly detect whatever disease that has occurred, and at the same time respond to it,” the NCDC boss said.

According to him, the Federal Government is funding the sector, but the funding may not necessarily be adequate, that is why the health system is very expensive.

He said that in terms of global health security, one of the major focus was collaboration and partnerships, both internationally, nationally and sub-nationally.

This, he explained, was because everybody was coming in with different expertise and none would necessarily have all the expertise needed to boost productivity.

“The goal is to achieve our objective to reduce incidents of disease.

“And, where you cannot stop that we respond adequately, so that we can bring down the effect of any disease that is the essence here.

“So collaborations, partnerships are key essentials of health security,” Idris added.

 The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the donation, which took place at the National Reference Laboratory, underscores the U.S. and Nigeria’s shared commitment towards providing healthcare in Nigeria.(NAN)(www.nannews.ng)

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By Martha Agas, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

Across the globe, there is growing awareness regarding the need to transit from fossil fuel- dependent energy to sustainable, renewable sources.

However, to achieve this, there are sets of critical minerals that need to be supplied regularly to the global market.

They are the agents that will make renewable energy technologies to become affordable and sustainable. Africa has these resources in abundance.

The critical energy transition minerals include copper, lithium, nickel and cobalt.

Among these minerals, Nigeria is blessed with Lithium, currently mined in Nassarawa, Kogi, Kwara, Ekiti and Cross River.

Lithium is an essential component for the manufacturing of rechargeable batteries used in electric vehicles, electronics, and grid energy storage.

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources is expected to open up new opportunities that could spark innovation among the nation’s policymakers.

However, these minerals come with their own set of pros and cons. According to the UN Environment Programme, they bring about environmental, social, economic, geopolitical, trade, and partnership challenges and opportunities.

Experts say that exploring the opportunities require good management of the resources, including their production and processing.

As part of efforts to contribute to the development of these mineral resources, the Nigerian Mining and Geosciences Society (NMGS) advocated increased investment in critical minerals during its 59th Annual International Conference and Exhibition (AICE), held recently in Jos.

The conference, with the theme ‘Emerging Global Perspectives, Trends, and Sustainable Development of Minerals and Energy Resources, aimed to showcase Nigeria’s renewable energy potential to international investors and engage governments.

The AICE hosted major players in the mining industry, locally and internationally, engaging in discussions on significant developments in the mining sector, exploring investment opportunities, and charting the way forward.

The President of NMGS, Prof. Akinade Olatunji, said the platform was to further showcase the immense potential within the geoscience and mining spheres to the government at all levels in Nigeria.

The idea, he said was to encourage them to explore more opportunities for the nation.

In a communiqué signed by Olatunji, the society called for the optimal development of iron and steel sector to expedite Nigeria’s industrialisation.

It stated that as part of efforts to open opportunities in the mineral and energy sector, there is a need to implement a mineral governance structure with supportive policies, along with the inclusion of all stakeholders.

This, it says, is to foster socio-economic development, environmental sustainability, and cooperation in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM)-dependent communities.

The society advocated the establishment of a commercial intervention strategy that facilitates easy market access, provides trade platforms, encourages financial inclusion, and ensures the elimination of collateral issues that impede access to funds.

It stated that capacity building at all levels, research and development and value chain training should be encouraged.

“Implementation of policies aimed at value chain addition in the minerals and energy sectors to boost wealth creation and increase GDP.

“Career advancement, skill and entrepreneurship development specific to the geosciences and mining practices are critical,” it said.

The society encouraged the adoption and application of innovations in information technology to develop resource management strategies.

One of the innovations introduced at the conference is the use of digital platforms to generate and share geoscience data used in extractive industries, natural hazard monitoring and management, among others.

Experts in the sector have established that it is expensive to generate geoscience data, and Nigeria does not have the required technology for that, so exploring data sharing is expedient.

In a world that is fast becoming a village, according to the NMGS president, data sharing could help alleviate the situation through platforms like the Deep-time Digital Earth Programme (DDE).

DDE is a big science programme designed to facilitate innovation in understanding the earth’s evolution and applications.

It also seeks to promote Sustainable Development Goals, by utilising big data analytics, internet cloud computing, data mining, machine learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Olatunji explained that DDE connects all the data bases available across the globe and designed to provide better result and benefits for the work of geoscientists.

“ The platform is so unique to work across borders, and creates a very robust environment of data execution.

“The open-source nature of the DDE and the infrastructure it guarantees also provides budding geodata scientists on the continent opportunities to acquire appropriate skill sets in data interpretation and management,” he said.

An expert, Dr Henry Davies, listed the lack of a coordinated, centralised geo-database and limited access to quality geo sciences data as significant challenges.

He added that duplication of geoscience data; inadequate information sharing among stakeholders and poor data quality among other factors, were part of the challenges, which the DDE platform could help address.

Similarly, another expert, Prof. Mike Stephenson, urged Africa to leverage geoscience data to attract increased mining investment on the continent.

He said this was particularly given the global upsurge in energy transition, which has heightened the demand for critical minerals predominantly found in Africa.

He emphasised the need to generate geoscience data in order to accurately assess the natural resources within the region.

Stephenson, who is the DDE Director for Europe and Middle East, said data would help Africa get the best out of the resources that its nations choose to export.

According to him, geoscience data is crucial in transforming natural resources into sustainable economic development that benefits all.

“With appropriate controls, it can also conserve and enhance the natural environment in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), “ he said.

He said DDE programme, initiated in Beijing in 2019, could be deployed by various African governments, institutions and academics for their researches and surveys.

Similarly, the National President of the Miners Association of Nigeria (MAN), Mr Dele Ayanleke, called for safe mining practices and improved technology to reposition the sector.

Ayanleke urged the government and stakeholders to invest in affordable and environment- friendly mining technologies, such as mercury-free processing methods and efficient ore extraction techniques, to develop the sector.

He said that unlocking the wealth creation potential of ASM requires a multi-faceted approach that addresses factors such as governance, market access, finance, among other, while calling for the formalisation of ASM.

According to him, formalisation is crucial to enabling ASM operators to gain access to legal rights, financial services, and markets, while ensuring environmental sustainability and compliance with labour standards.

The MAN official urged the government to support ASM cooperatives and associations in accessing formal markets, negotiating fair prices, and meeting quality standards.

At the conference, the gemstone industry was identified as a potential source of livelihood with numerous opportunities for geo-scientists.

Dr Janet Adeyemi, the President of Women In Mining In Nigeria (WIMIN said Nigeria has gemstones spread across its landmass, adding that the industry provided opportunities for wealth creation.

Adeyemi said that the entrepreneurial opportunities in mining had the potential to industrialise Nigeria and Africa.

She said that manufacturing opportunities for gemstone and jewelry processing equipment, lapidary equipment, among others would provide an expanded basis for a potential bottom-up industrialisation process in the gemstone and jewelry sector.

“Such new industries in the country could also help to offset risks of declining revenue from fossil fuel exports while diversifying national revenue streams, “she said.

According to her, identifying opportunities in the industry requires a comprehensive understanding of the market and the ability to recognise emerging trends and demands.

She recommended that Nigeria should establish a venture capital fund for mining, gemstone processing and marketing.

She added that a good regulatory environment can attract investment in the sector and create a conducive business environment for mining companies, thereby triggering opportunities in the sector.

According to Adeyemi, bridging the gaps between the local industry in Nigeria and the global market requires urgently building the capacity of local industry operators.

While these opportunities abound in the industry, stakeholders have also called for gender inclusion in the sector.

According to Dr Hannah Wozah, of Geology Department, University of Jos, promoting gender equality in the Nigeria’s energy and mineral resources industry will drive sustainable development and economic growth.

She said it would contribute to addressing systemic barriers and promote a culture of inclusivity through gender inclusion policies in the sector.

Experts say that there are also unexplored opportunities in wealth creation in sectors such as medical geology, geo-tourism and geo heritage.

Stakeholders hope that government will play an active role in fostering public-private partnerships and investing in manpower development which is pivotal to unlocking the potential of these untapped sectors.

They also call for the optimal development of lithium in line with value addition standards before exporting it.

Given the dire need to diversify government’s revenue earning options, it is important that deliberate efforts are geared towards maximising the opportunities inherent in every sector including minerals. (NANFeatures)

**If used please credit the writer and News Agency of Nigeria.

By Chijioke Okoronkwo, News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

The discourse on safety of genetically engineered crops categorised as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is heating up globally, including Nigeria.

Just recently, the Federal Government approved the commercial release and open cultivation of a new maize variety, Tela Maize, a genetically modified maize.

The development of Tela maize was led by researchers at the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, who say it resists armyworm, stem borers and tolerates moderate drought.

At the commercial release of Tela Maize, Uche Nnaji, Minister of Innovation, Science and Technology, said the crop was a remarkable step at enhancing agricultural productivity to ensure food sufficiency in Nigeria.

“It exemplifies our commitment to harnessing the power of biotechnology in addressing pressing agricultural challenges, enhancing crop resilience, and improving the livelihood of our farmers and citizens.

“It also strengthens our position in the global agricultural landscape, fostering economic stability and opening new avenues for trade and export,” he said.

Still from a government’s standpoint, Dr Agnes Asagbra, the Director-General, National Biosafety Management Agency (NBMA), recently said the pursuit of effective biosafety management and inclusive engagement was paramount.

According to her, the agency recognises the importance of diverse perspectives and expertise in shaping comprehensive solutions to biosafety challenges.

“We have established robust frameworks and enforcement mechanisms to ensure adherence to national and international biosafety regulations and standards,” she said.

Worthy of note here is that Mexico, the birth place of maize, has banned genetically modified corn which it says is not safe for human consumption and threatens the biodiversity.

Some other countries in Africa, Europe, Asia and the Americas have also banned the importation and cultivation of GMOs over safety concerns.

The skeptics of GMOs in Nigeria posit that the science and technology backing transgenic crops is not clear enough.

They express worries on the inherent hazards GMOs pose to biodiversity, food safety, and the health of Nigerians.

More so, they argue that GM crops contain chemicals that could predispose humans to deadly ailments, damage soil health and phase out traditional seeds as both cannot co-exist.

At the forefront of the kick against GMOs, is the Centre for Food Safety and Agricultural Research (CEFSAR), a Non-Governmental Organisation.

CEFSAR has consistently urged the Federal Government to be mindful of the acceptance and deployment of genetically engineered crops, categorised as GMOs due to safety concerns.

Prof. Qristtuberg Amua, CEFSAR’s Executive Director, said that Nigeria did not have the requisite laboratory infrastructure to test and verify the safety of the GMOs products in the food industry.

He argued that the regulatory framework had no provision for labeling GMOs which invariably would deny consumers of the right to make knowledgeable decision of what to eat to and what not to eat.

The professor contented that GMOs were laced with chemicals which could lead to extinction of indigenous crops and a dependency on chemical-intensive farming methods.

He said the primary objectives of CEFSAR were to preserve native seed varieties, research sustainable agriculture practices and promote agro-ecological farming systems.

“Others are to support local and indigenous farming communities, and educate farmers and stakeholders in the immediate society.

“We first of all begin with all those who consume GMOs in the form of modern crops that are being promoted in this country.

“And also, if you look at the venue of this engagement, it is the Federal Ministry of Justice, and a lot of the intrusion that is coming through GMOs is coming through policies and laws.

“And a lot of these policies pass through clearance from this ministry.

“So, we believe that by initiating this conversation, we are attracting attention into the concerns of GMOs,” he said.

Amua said he was hopeful that the advocacy would gain momentum because important stakeholders would begin to talk about it and draw the attention of the government and consumers to the dangers inherent in pushing for GMOs.

According to the academic, food security has an intricate nexus with national security as a hungry man is angry man.

“We have observed that parts of issues of national security are born out of aggression between individuals or groups.

“But beyond that, a crime is fueled when the larger population is hungry; they don’t get food to eat and that translates to poverty.”

The don said that in the present context, today, it was being said that food was scare in Nigeria and it was because certain food production areas in the country had been attacked consistently for over a decade.

He said the attacks on food production had displaced people and initiated food scarcity.

“Because they cannot farm, we have food scarcity; so you can see, on one hand, national insecurity produces food insecurity.

“Now, take a reverse of it; because there is national food insecurity now, it is going to perpetrate further our national insecurity, in the sense that you have people taken away from their farms.

“A lot of farmers have been chased into camps.”

He said that CEFSAR’s observations indicated that there had been a lot of misinformation or deception targeted at some people in government—those who were at critical point of driving policy.

According to him, the essence of the campaign is to attract attention and partner with government and in its capacity on education of the citizens on issues concerning GMOs.

“I am a professor, a scientist. I have conducted some of these researches myself.

“So, I believe that with me involved in this conversation, the people in government who genuinely have been misinformed or deceived, will pick interest and begin to ask the relevant questions,” he said.

Sharing similar sentiments, Dr Nnimmo Bassey, Director, Health of Mother Earth Foundation, said there was need to stick to agro-ecological methods of food production.

Bassey said that available data showed that 70 per cent of small scale farmers fed the world through agro-ecological principles and techniques.

“So why do one want to jump into something that produces your food in a system with so many uncertainties?–a system that laces your food with pesticides, chemicals and insecticides.

“We need to ban them; we don’t need GMOs. Nigeria and indeed, Africa, has all it takes to grow food, to produce food that can feed our people and also export to other countries,” he said.

Deserving no less attention, Dr Segun Adebayo, Director, Operations, CEFSAR, argued that GM crops could cause increased pesticide runoff into water sources; thereby posing a huge dangers to the soil, human health and the environment.

Adebayo said there was a correspondence between the consumption of GMOs and the surge in health issues such as cancer and organ failure, particularly among young persons.

According to him, everybody who eats is a stakeholder in the business of food.

“You are what you eat; you have to be concerned about what you eat; that is the reason we are having this engagement.

“The first step to being healthy is your food,” he said.

Adebayo urged Nigerians to be wary of GMOs and promote the natural food and stressing the imperative of creating a balance of knowledge to equip the public with the opportunity with consumption choices.

As the GMOs controversy rages, critical stakeholders hold that Nigerian scientists should intensify research on transgenic crops rather than depending on foreign research outcomes for what we consume. (NANFesatures)