Researchers at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana, have developed a plant-based lubricant for motorcycle engines using Jatropha curcas oil.
The bio-lubricant met international standards and performed reliably during a 12,000 kilometre test, TV BRICS, a NAN partner, reported on Wednesday.
The researchers modified the plant oil chemically through esterification, transesterification and epoxidation before adding components to improve its performance.
They said the resulting lubricant had a viscosity index of 227, indicating stable performance under varying operating temperatures.
The lubricant also recorded a flash point of 230 degrees Celsius and a pour point of minus 20 degrees Celsius, while it’s free fatty acid content and acid value remained within recommended limits.
During the motorcycle engine test, the lubricant maintained acceptable viscosity and thermal stability.
An X-ray fluorescence analysis of engine wear showed that metal wear particles remained within established equipment guidelines.
The researchers said the findings demonstrated the potential of Jatropha curcas oil as a renewable base material for automotive lubricants.
Benneta Koomson, a co-author of the study, said the research demonstrated the potential of plant-based alternatives to supplement petroleum-derived products.
She said Jatropha curcas was a perennial plant capable of growing on marginal soils and commonly found in arid and semi-arid tropical regions.
The researchers said the study contributed to efforts to develop renewable plant-based materials for automotive applications.
They added that the plant contained naturally occurring compounds, including glycosides, tannins, phytosterols and flavonoids.
Edited by Kayode Adebiyi/Halima Sheji